不同土壤类型、水分胁迫对酿酒葡萄果实糖分积累的影响.pdf

摘 要 本研究以7年生“蛇龙珠”葡萄为试材，利用“新浆果杯法”研究了黄河淤土、含石沙 壤土和风沙土三种土壤类型以及0≥Ψ ≥-0.2，-0.2≥Ψ ≥-0.4，-0.4≥Ψ ≥-0.6三种水分处理对葡 b b b 萄果实糖分累积的影响，测定了三种土壤和水分胁迫条件下葡萄果实的单果重、可溶性固形 物、总酸、可溶性总糖、色素、单宁及葡萄叶片的光合速率。研究结果表明：从花后55天到 花后103天（葡萄开始转色至葡萄成熟），生长在含石的沙壤土中葡萄果实糖含量、色素和叶 片光合速率最高，单宁和单果重也较高，同时能降低总酸的含量；从花后55天到花后103天 （葡萄开始转色至葡萄成熟），严重水分胁迫条件下的葡萄果实的糖含量和叶片光合速率最 高，而轻度水分胁迫条件下的单果重和色素含量最高，证明充足的水分能增加果实的重量和 色素的含量。中度水分胁迫条件下的单宁含量最高。葡萄果实糖分卸载日变化规律：从早上 9:00至00:00，葡萄果实糖分整体上呈现逐渐下降的趋势，但在16:00有一个小的卸载高峰， 生长在严重水分胁迫条件下含石沙壤土中的葡萄果实糖分卸载量较其它处理高；综合九个处 理，生长在轻度水分胁迫条件下含石的沙壤土中的葡萄单果粒最重，含石的沙壤土和严重水 分胁迫条件下的可溶性固形物含量较其它处理高，生长在中度的水分胁迫条件下黄河淤土中 的葡萄皮单宁含量和葡萄籽单宁含量都是最高的，黄河淤土和充足的水分条件下中的色素含 量最高。 关键词：土壤，水分胁迫，葡萄，糖分卸载 I Abstract In this study, Vitis vinifera cv Cabernet Gernischet was used as experiment material to investigate the effect of three soil types and three water stress on grape fruit sugar accumulation using “new berry cup technique”. The soil type were listed as following: the Yellow River silt, sandy loam with stone and wind sandy loam and three water stress were 0≥Ψb≥-0.2,-0.2≥Ψb ≥-0.4and-0.4≥Ψ ≥-0.6. Grape single fruit weight, soluble solids, total acid, total soluble sugar, b pigment, tannin and grape leaf photosynthetic rate in three soil types and three water stress were measured, respectively the results showed that from 55 days to 103 days after blossom (grapes began to turn color to fully mature), the content of sugar 、pigment and grape leaf photosynthetic rate were the highest in sandy loam with stone; tannin and single fruit weight were also higher. Moreover , it can reduce the total acid content. From 55 days to 103 days after blossom (grapes began to