【2017年整理】研究与生英语阅读教程Unit1.ppt

Unit One;Contents ;Introduction;What is an apology?;3. Apology Is for Everyone.;4. The change in the meaning of apology;The Apology of Socrates;Socrates (469 BC–399 BC) ;Text analysis;1. Supporting ideas Eternity is then only a single night. What would not a man give if he might converse with the sons of God? ;2. 苏格拉底的罪名 Socrates was sentenced to death for denying the official gods and corrupting the youth.公元前399年，一个叫莫勒图斯的年轻人在雅典状告哲学家苏格拉底，说他不信城邦诸神，引进新的精灵之事，败坏青年。于是，苏格拉底被传讯，在500人组成的陪审团面前作了著名的申辩。但申辩并没有挽救苏格拉底的性命。他最后被判处死刑。苏格拉底之死和耶稣之死，为西方文明打下了两个基本色调。而苏格拉底之死之所以成为西方哲学史上的核心事件，首先归功于柏拉图的《苏格拉底的申辩》。 ;In his final speech, Socrates tells the Athenians that they will be shamed in the future for their action and explains why he doesn’t fear death. (See Note 1);3. Is Socrates afraid of death? Let us reflect and we shall see that there is great reason to hope that death is a good, for one of two things---either death is a state of nothingness and utter unconsciousness, or, as men say, there is a change and migration of the soul from this world to another. (translate);或者我们换个角度考虑这个问题，我们会看到有很充分的理由让我们相信死亡是很好的事情，因为死亡无非是两种可能情况之一：或者他就是空空的一无所有也一无所知，或者，他就是象人们说的，是灵魂的一种迁移，从这个世界，到另外一个世界。 ;I shall then be able to continue my search into true and false knowledge; as in this world, so also in the next; and I shall find out who is wise, and who pretends to be wise, and who is not. (translate) ;最重要的是，在那儿我可以继续我对真实和虚假知识的研究，就象在这个世界上一样，在那个世界也可以这么去做，我会辨别谁是真正聪明的，谁只是装作聪明而实际上是个笨蛋。;聪明人的定义？ How to define a wise man?How to become a wise man?;6. A pilgrim is someone who travels a long way to a holy place as an act of religious love and respect. (see Note 3) ;In another world they do not put a man to death for asking questions; assuredly not. Socratic method: 苏格拉底问答法 在教学或讨论中通过问答引出疑问者预期结论的方法。 ;;1. The Trojan War was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans (Greeks) after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, the king of Sparta. The war was narrated in many works of Greek l