溶剂处理(国外英文资料).docVIP

溶剂处理(国外英文资料) The purified acetone, commonly used in organic solvents The boiling point of 56.2 ℃, the refractive index of 1.358 8, relative density 0.789 9. Common acetone often contains small amounts of water, methanol, acetaldehyde and other reductive impurities. Its purification method is: In 250mL of acetone, add 2.5 g of potassium permanganate, and if potassium permanganate soon disappears, add a small amount of potassium permanganate to continue reflux, until the purple does not fade. Then acetone steamed out, using anhydrous potassium carbonate or anhydrous calcium sulfate dry, filtered distillation, collection of 55 ~ 56.5 ℃ fraction. When using this method, it is important to note that there are not too many reductive substances in acetone, otherwise it will consume more potassium permanganate and acetone, which will increase the processing time. 2 to 100 ml of acetone in separatory funnel, to join the first 4 ml10 % of silver nitrate solution, then add 3.6 mL1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, vibration wave 10 min, acetone layer, add or anhydrous potassium sulphate anhydrous calcium sulfate to dry. The final distillation collect 55 ~ 56.5 ℃ fraction. This method is faster than the method, but the silver nitrate is more expensive, and it should be used only for small quantities. This is the pure, tetrahydrofuran, which is commonly used in organic solvents Boiling point 67 ℃ (64.5 ℃), the refractive index of 1.405 0, relative density 0.889 2. Tetrahydrofuran is mixed with water and often contains a small amount of water and peroxide. To produce anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, available lithium aluminium hydride under isolation humidity reflux (usually 1000 ml takes about 2 ~ 4 g lithium aluminium hydride) to remove the water and peroxide, then distillation, collecting 66 ℃ fraction distillation dont dry out, the remaining small amounts of residual liquid is poured out). The purified liquid will be added to the sodium and should be preserved in the nitrogen atmosph