【每周一讲,个个击破】第十二周定语从句(语法要点精析高频考点领悟专题过关检测)分析.docVIP

第十二周　定 语 从 句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who, whom, whose引导的定语从句 ①The person whom I can turn to for help when in trouble is Mr. Wang. 我困难时可以求助的人是王先生。 ②Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.(2010·北京高考) 很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。 ③Id like a room whose window (＝the window of which) looks out over the sea. 我想要一间窗子朝海的房间。 (1)who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。 (2)whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时常可用of which取代。 2．that, which引导定语从句 ①He talked about the people and the place that he had visited in that country. 他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。 ②All the people that come from the country work much harder. 所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。 ③This is the best play that was written by Jack. 这是杰克写得最好的一个剧本。 ④That evening, which I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.(2012·全国卷Ⅱ) 那天晚上我工作到很晚，随后我会告诉你更多相关的情况。 (1)that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。指物时其用法和which大致相同，但也有区别。 (2)which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。 (3)下列情况只用that不用which： ①先行词是all, something, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词； ②先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰； ③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词； ④先行词被the only, the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰； ⑤先行词中既有人也有物； ⑥在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。 二、关系副词引导的定语从句 ①When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house where I would be staying.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ) 当我到达时，Bryan带我去看了我将要住的房子。 ②I shall never forget the days when/in which we worked on the farm. 我永远也不会忘记我们在农场工作的那些日子。 ③The reason why I dont trust him is that he often tells lies. 我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。 ④Is this the reason (that) he explained for his rudeness at the meeting? 这就是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗？ ⑤They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. 他们已经到了必须分手的地步。 ⑥Remember that there is still one point which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow. 记住在明天的会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。 1．关系副词when, where, why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。 2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词表时间、地点和原因仍用which/that。 3．当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point, situation, case, stage等，如果引导词在从句中