宾语从句5.pptVIP

一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。 eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right. 二、宾语从句三要素 ： 1．引导词 宾语从句的引导词常常有以下三种：由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为 that，that 在口语或非正式文体中可省略；由一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为 if 或 whether；由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词，即 what，when，where等。 ２、语　序 宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。也就是说，将疑问句转化成宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。 【友情提示】 当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时，语序不变。 ３、时　态 主句为一般现在时态，则宾语从句根据实际情况用任意的时态；但主句为一般过去时态时，宾语从句则要用过去的相对应的某种时态。 【友情提示】 1. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实，其谓语动词仍用一般现在时态。 2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。 The teacher told me she was born in 1960. 三、宾语从句注意事项 (一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变： What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? eg:I don’t know what’s the matter. Can you tell me who is over there? (二)只能用whether不能用if的情况 1.在介词后面： I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing. We didn’t think about whether it would rain the next day. 2.在动词不定式前： They asked me whether to sit at the front. (二)只能用whether不能用if的情况 3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择 时: I don’t know whether he’s free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room. 4.宾语从句提前时： Whether this is true or not, I can’t say. (二)只能用whether不能用if的情况 5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中: We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week. 6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether： Whether he is right or wrong is a question. The question was whether he went there last night. (三)用if不用whether的情况: 1.引导否定概念的宾语从句时： He asked me if I hadn’t finish my homework. 2.引导条件状语从句，if意为“如果”时: We’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 四、宾语从句转化为简单句 1.当主从句的主语一致时： 1) I don’t know what I shall do next. I don’t know what to do next. 2)John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy. John didn’t decide which shirt to buy. 2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时： 1)Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me how to get to the police station? 2)Please show me how I should start the recorder. Please show me how to