机械零件照片计算机识别方法的理论与算法研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 对于具有透视效果的工业设计图和机械零件照片等影像资料，如何准确快速地获得其对应物 体真实三维几何尺寸数据是整个影像反求设计过程中最为关键的步骤。针对目前在该领域的研究 现状，本课题提出了新的理论与算法。即通过添加已知辅助信息（譬如形状信息和部分尺寸信息) 的方式，对包括工业效果透视图在内的机械零部件照片中的目标物体真实几何尺寸进行识别。 本文主要包括以下内容：第一，论证了把以机械零件照片为来源的资料作为透视图进行研究 的可行性；第二，按照透视图根据灭点数目不同进行分类的方法把机械零件照片分为一点透视、 两点透视和三点透视照片；第三，对于一点透视和两点透视照片，根据理想透视法反求出对应的 透视参数，提出获取实体真实尺寸的新算法；第四，对于更为一般的三点透视照片，在附加已知 信息的条件下提出了更加精确和快速识别其对应物体真实几何尺寸的理论和算法。第五，提出了 如何将圆柱体等基本几何体转化为长方体进行识别的基本思想，并将该思想推广到对具有长方体 特征的组合体零件照片的识别。最后，通过举例对上述理论算法进行了验证。 实践证明，该理论和算法是准确可行的。本研究的成果奠定了从机械零件照片资料获取其真 实尺寸的理论基础。 关键词：机械零件照片，透视图，透视参数，识别，真实三维尺寸 II Abstract With regard to the industrial design perspective drawings and photoes of mechanical elements,how to obtain the real 3D geometric dimension information corresponding to objects accurately and rapidly is the most crucial steps among the whole process of image reverse design.In view of the present situation in this domain, the subject proposed a new theory and arithmetic.Identifying the three-dimensional size of entity from photoes of mechanical elements including industrial design perspectives by adding other ancillary known factors (such as shape information and some size information). The article mainly includes the following contents: firstly, the paper demonstrates the feasibility of considering the information such as photos as perspectives ; Secondly, dividing the mechanical parts photoes into three categories:one-point perspective,two-point perspective and three-point perspective photoes according to the classification methods on perspective different number of vanishing point;Thirdly, as to one-point perspective and two-point per