古希腊罗马神话十一讲.ppt

Classical Greek and RomanMythology Lecture 11 Part III: The Trojan War I. Before the war: 1. Paris and Hellen 2. Odysseus 3. Achilles II. During the nine years war: 1. The Sacrifice of Iphigenenia 2. The Quarrel Between Achilles and Agamemnon 3. The Fight Between Achilles and Hector 4. The Death of Achilles, and Ajax III. After the war: 1. The Wooden Horse 2. The Fall of Troy 3. The Returns I. Before the War The famous Trojan War resulted from an incident at the wedding feast of Peleus, the King of Phthia, and Thetis, a sea nymph. All the gods and goddesses had been invited except Eris, the goddess of discord, who sent a golden apple inscribed For the Fairest! The goddesses Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite all believed that they had a right to take it, and a quarrel began. When Zeus refused to judge between them, they asked Paris, the most handsome of mortal men, to settle the dispute. Paris gave the apple to Aphrodite, who promised to give him the most beautiful woman in the world as his wife. Paris and Hellen Paris then visited the court of Menelaus, king of Sparta, whose wife Helen was the most beautiful woman in the world. They fell in love with each other, and with the help of Aphrodite, they ran away to Troy. When the Trojans refused to return Helen, Menelaus and his brother, Agamemnon, raised a great army from all Greece, and began to attack Troy to get Helen back. The Greek heroes included Achilles, the most famous Greek warrior, and Odysseus (Ulysses in Latin), the clever general who made a plan that finally led to Troys defeat. The major Trojan heroes were Hector and Paris. Nearly all the gods and goddesses sided with the Greeks, except Aphrodite. 2. Odysseus When Paris made Helen his wife, Hera sent Iris flying to Crete with news of the elopement (私奔) and Menelaus hurried to Mycenae, where he begged his brother Agamemnon to raise levies at once and lead an army against Troy. They visited Ithaca, where he had the greatest difficulty in persuading Odysseus to