菜薹青花菜种间三倍体AAC的合成及其生殖特性研究.pdfVIP

园 艺 学 报 2012 ，39 （4 ）：655 –660 http: // www. ahs. ac. cn Acta Horticulturae Sinica E-mail: yuanyixuebao@126.com 菜薹—青花菜种间三倍体AAC 的合成及其生殖 特性研究 乔海云，李 菲，张淑江，章时蕃，张 慧，孙日飞* （中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081 ） 摘 要：以菜薹—青花菜异源双二倍体（AACC ）为桥梁亲本，通过与亲本菜薹（AA ）回交获得了 菜薹—青花菜种间异源三倍体 AAC 。该三倍体总体形态介于菜薹与青花菜之间，生长势较强，经根尖染 色体鉴定，具有预期的染色体数 2n = 3x = 29 ；花粉生活力及单个花蕾的花粉量都明显的低于菜薹和青花 菜；减数分裂时期染色体行为复杂，在中期Ⅰ、后期Ⅰ、中期Ⅱ和后期Ⅱ存在落后染色体，后期Ⅰ染色 体不均等分离，有 15/14、16/13 等多种分离方式，形成染色体数不等的配子。 关键词：菜薹；青花菜；异源三倍体；种间杂交；减数分裂 中图分类号：S 634.5；S 635 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0513-353X （2012 ）04-0655-06 Synthesis of Allotriploid （AAC ）Through Hybridization Between Flowering Chinese Cabbage and Broccoli and the Preliminary Research on Reproductive Characters * QIAO Hai-yun，LI Fei ，ZHANG Shu-jiang ，ZHANG Shi-fan ，ZHANG Hui ，and SUN Ri-fei （Institute of Vegetable and Flowers ，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences ，Beijing 100081，China ） Abstract ：The allotetraploid hybrids （AACC ，2n = 4x = 38 ）derived from the hybridization between flowering Chinese cabbage （Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen. et Lee ）and broccoli （Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Planch ） were as the female parent ，through backcrossing with parent flowering Chinese cabbage （AA ），the allotriploid hybrids with AAC genomes were obtained. The allotriploid hybrids （AAC ）were strong in growth and with the characters of both parents （flowering Chinese cabbage and broccoli ）. Cytological identification revealed that the allotriploid hybrids had the anticipative chromosomes （2n = 3x = 29 ）. The pollen viability and pollen number of one flower bud were lower than flowering Chinese cabbage