正反反译法修改版 - 副本.ppt

第九节 正反、反正表达法;What is affirmation and negation;Examples;Dont stop working! 别停下来！ 继续干活! He went into the insecure building. 他走进那座不安全的楼。 他走进那座危楼.;1.1 Affirmation Negation ;On the contrary, an Negative structure refers to a phrase or sentence which is negative in its structure or form.;在英汉互译过程中，由于两种语言表达习惯不同，往往需要把英语中的正说译成汉语中的反说，把英语中的反说译成汉语中的正说，这样才能确切表达原意并符合语言的规范。这种把正说处理为反说，把反说处理为正说的译法，叫正反表达法。;1.2 Negative words Expressions ;1.2 Negative words and Expressions;汉语常用的否定词：“不、无、非、没、未、勿、莫、否、别、毋”等 a). 完全否定意义 “不、没有、绝不、毫无、否则” b). 部分否定意义 “并非都、不总是、未必全部” c). 双重否定 非…….不（莫）、不……没有;2 The Conversion from Affirmation to Negation ;2.1 Verbs;Her husband hates to see her stony face. 她丈夫不想（不乐意）看到她那张毫无表情的脸。;2.2 Adverbs;Slowly he pulled the letter out of the envelope, and unfolded it. 他不慌不忙地从信封里抽出信纸，把它打开。 They resumed their seats moodily. 他们不愉快地又坐了下来。;2.3 Adjectives;2.4 Prepositions ;2.5 Conjuctions;She is too careful not to have noticed it. 她那么小心，不会不注意到这一点的。;2.6 Nouns;They feel great anxiety about his sickness. 他们对他的病情感到焦虑不安。 Silence reigned all over the meeting room for a while. 一时全场寂静无声。;2.7 Phrases;I am at my wit’s end to keep the child quiet. 我实在是 毫无办法 让这孩子安静下来。;The news of his assassination spread like wildfire. 他被刺的消息不胫而走。 There are many energy sources in store. The problem has been to use the energy at a reasonable cost. 有许多能源尚未开发。问题始终是要以一个合理的代价利用这些能源。;2.8 Sentences;The decision has to come. 还没有做出决定。;Exercises;On Sunday Jim idles away his time. 星期天吉姆无所事事。 The relay(继电器) acted vainly due to negligible current. 电流太小，继电器不能启动。;How can machines work in the absence of electricity? 没有电时，机器如何运转？ I was at a loss to understand what he alluded to. 我无法领会到他谈话中所指的是什么。 His grandmother is already 80, but she carries her years lightly. 他祖母已80岁了，可是并不显老。;3 The Conversion from Negation to Affirmation ;3.1 Verbs;The boss could fire any employee who had ever displeased him. 老板可以开除任何得罪他的雇员。 At the same time，even as she untied the package，the thought came to her—