TransCAD分析.pptVIP

TransCAD Vehicle Routing Introduction The starting points for each route ( such as the warehouse) are known as depots, and the points to be visited are known as stops. A vehicle route starts at a depot, visits one or more stops, and may or may not return to the depot. The goal of the procedure is to obtain a set of routes that minimizes the total time or distance traveled by the entire fleet of vehicles. The travel times or distances are stored in the vehicle routing matrix. Factors There are many factors that can make a vehicle routing problem more complex. The list below shows some common situations that are easily handled by TransCAD: There are more than one warehouse location, and stores can be serviced by trucks from any one of these warehouses. This kind of a problem is known as a multiple-depot problem. Factors There are time restrictions on when deliveries can be make to some or all of the stores. This type of restriction is known as a time window. There are time restrictions at the warehouse. This type of restriction is also known as a time window. Each stop requires a certain amount of time to service. In most cases, each stop has a fixed service time that is independent of demand. Factors There is a time restriction on total route length, or route duration. For example, when delivering take-out food, it may be desirable that the full route length is not more than an hour. There are backhaul stops. For example, vehicles may need to pick up empty containers at the end of their delivery trip. Backhaul stops can only be visited after all delivery stops are visited in a route. Factors A vehicle route may contain mixed pickup and delivery stops, where the pickups and deliveries do not need to correspond to each other. A stop may require either a pickup, a delivery, or both services. A route does not need to end at the depot. In other words, the route does not contain the return trip from the last stop to the depot. This is often referred as an open-ended route