非传教verb.pptVIP

英语二级考试语法重点 讲解 练习 重点 一.动词虚拟语气 二.非谓语动词 三.名词从句 四.定语从句 五.状语从句 六.主语和谓语的一致 七.倒装句 八.情态动词 九.强调 1.形式 分词有两类：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词由动词原形＋ing 构成。过去分词分规则变化与不规则变化两种。规则变化由动词原形＋ed 构成；不规则变化无一定规律，需熟记。 分词的否定形式：not ＋分词 分词的时态和语态 现在分词 过去分词 1.现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生；完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如： They stood at the west end of the bridge, talking and waiting. Having watered the vegetables, they went home. The question being discussed is very important. Having been given a map, we found our way home easily.(由于) 2.过去分词只有一般式，表示被动和完成的意义。例如： The four other directions shown on the compass are northeast, southeast, southwest and northwest. 3.用法： 现在分词和过去分词在句中的作用大致相同。不同点在于现在分词表示主动，而过去分词表示被动；现在分词表示的动作正在进行‘而过去分词表示的动作已经完成。 分词的主要用法如下： 1）作定语 单个分词作定语，一般放在它所修饰的名词前。例如： exciting stories excited spectators developing countries developed countries 分词短语作定语，一般放在它所修饰的名词后，其作用相当于一定语从句。例如： He wore the new clothed provided by his friends. The soldiers guarding the castle all wore kilts. 2)作表语。例如： The film is interesting. He seemed interested in what was going on around him. 3)作宾语补足语。常见的带分词作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, find, hear, feel, get, have等。例如： Joe saw his classmates delivering newspaper. I’m glad to see my book published. His father found him reading a detective story. When she entered the room, she found his vase broken. 4)作状语 a.时间状语（相当于when, while, after等引导的时间状语从句）。例如： Living in the countryside,(=When we lived in the countryside), we had few amusements. Having made the robot (=After he had made the robot), he wanted to test its powers. Seen from a distance (=When it is seen from a distance), the mountain look like an elphant. b.原因状语（相当于as, since, because等引导的原因状语从句）。例如： Not knowing what to do (=As she didn’t know what to do ), the woman telephoned the police. Praised by the teacher (= As he was praised by the teacher), he was determined to study harder. c.条件状语（相当于if引导的条件状语从句）。例如： Adding it all up (=If we add it all up), we’ll find the answer. Given more time (=If I had been