book5unit3过去分词.ppt

Ⅱ.语法预习导学 一. 理清过去分词作状语时与句子的主语的关系 1）Seen in the dark night，lights on top of tall buildings look like stars in the sky. (seen表示被动，分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生) Scolded by the teacher，the girl began to cry. (scolded表示被动且动作已完成) Although built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful. (built表示被动且动作已完成) 过去分词作状语有两大特点： （1）表示被动的动作，过去分词与主句中的主语的逻辑关系为：被动关系 （2）表示已完成的动作 (语法填空)____________(consider) from this point of view, the question will be of great importance. Lost in thought， she nearly ran into a tree. lost意为“迷失的”，与逻辑主语连接起来相当于Because she was lost…，作原因状语； ________(exhaust), I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. exhausted意为“筋疲力尽的”，由过去分词演变成形容词作伴随状语。 2.有些过去分词已经形成了系表结构，因此他们作状语时与主句的主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，但仍然用过去分词形式。 1）Faced with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. 2）Please remain seated until the plane has come to a complete stop. 3）Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. 4）Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. 类似有： be lost in（陷入，沉迷于）； be dressed in（穿着）； be interested in； be devoted to（投身于；贡献给；致力于）； be supposed to（应该；被期望； ）； be/remain seated ； be prepared for； be determined to ； be faced with； be absorbed in（全神贯注于 ）； be buried in（专心于；被埋葬在… ） be accustomed to（习惯）； be convinced of（确信）； be located in(位于)； be tired of； be worried with ，etc. Ⅱ.语法预习导学 二. 注意过去分词作状语时在句中的位置 1）Scolded by the teacher，the girl began to cry. The PE teacher stood in the middle of the playground，surrounded by a group of students. 作状语的过去分词或短语可置于句子的前?后或中间，但是必须用逗号隔开以便与主句分开。 五. 独立主格结构 　 如果句中过去分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，这时必须在过去分词前加上主格的逻辑主语。这就叫作独立主格结构。例如： The town seen from the hill，we can see it more clearly.=If the town is seen from the hill， we can see it more clearly. Everything taken into consideration，the party was a success. (taken的逻辑主语不是the party，所以添加其真正的主语everything) 【考例1】He sat silently，____. A. eyes are closed B. his eyes closing C. eyes closed D. eyes to close