语言认知隐喻胡壮麟.pdfVIP

50 语言·认知·隐喻 人类的发展史就是人类对主客观世界的认知过程。语言符号的应用方便并推动 这 个过程。当代学者已认识到, 语言符号的多义性和创造性得益于隐喻在概念上 的形成和使用,人们在生活中时时刻刻都在使用隐喻。这 一认识已大大超越 把 隐喻单纯看作是一种修辞手段的传统。其次, 自然科学和社会科学各学科已把隐 喻作为一种手段, 争相从其他学科获得启示, 从而保证本学科在二十一世纪获得更 大发展。 :隐喻　认知　语言　符号 1.　 。 , 、、 , 。 1 。 　　, , , , , 。 , 。, , , Sapir-Whorf 。, 1 2, , 。 , , 。 · 　　1997 4 (78 ):1-16 Language, Cognition and Metaphor Hu Zhuanglin The history of mankind is a cognitive process of understanding the world, objective and subjective.No one would uery the uni ue role played by the mental activities of the human brain.If the discovery of fire and the making of tools were the earliest flashes of human intellect, the use of linguistic signs was one more epoch-making invention of our forefathers.This enabled our ancestors to pass on their accumulated know l- edge from one generation to another.When the linguistic signs developed from speech to w riting, man en- tered the real stage of civilization.Language served as a bridge between the world and cognition. How could we use language to know the w orld effectively ?Martinet s double articulation theory gave us a satisfactory answ er in the sense that multiple meaning could be expressed by infinite combinations of sounds and monemes.As for the relation between verbal signs and meaning, it is the categorization theory and the subse uent prototype theory that impart the symbolic function to language.However, this is merely a picture of static depiction;a particular ideational category is realized by a particular linguistic sign.In fact, the practical situation is much more complex as the world has been changing, and our range of cogni- tion has been extending and deepening.Conse uently, the orig