中国水产发展史.doc

Overview of Aquaculture in China China has a long history of aquaculture. However, large-scale production only began after the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949. More recently, after China opened up to the outside world in the 1980s, the sector has been growing dramatically, becoming one of the fastest growing sectors among the agriculture industries in China. In 2003 China registered a total amount of 30.28 million tonnes of farmed fish, accounting for 64.34 percent of national fishery production. Per capita supply of fish and fishery products from capture and aquaculture reached 36.2 kg. Exports of farmed shrimp, eel, tilapia, shellfish and seaweed have also formed the backbone of Chinese seafood exports, accounting for about 50 percent of national seafood exports in terms of value. The rapid development of aquaculture in China has not only contributed to improved food supply, but has also generated employment and income to the Chinese people. About 4.3 million rural workers are directly employed in aquaculture with an annual per capita net income of 8 667 Yuan. History and general overview Records of inland aquaculture in China date back?2 400 years. Marine fish and shellfish were farmed slightly more recently, dating back 1?700 - 2?000 years. Fan Li on Pisciculture is the earliest existing work in China on fish farming. It is also the first written work in the world on fish farming and sums up the rich experience of raising carp in ponds in the fifth century B.C.?Fish culture in China has always been a family business based on experience accumulated over generations. The technologies used were primitive and relatively low in yield compared to present advanced techniques. After the 1950s, the Government of China began to use new culture methods characterized by the remarkable technological breakthrough in induced breeding of Chinese major carps, which closed the life cycle of those species in captivity. In 1978 a series of changes was introdu