RegioselectivityofAromaticNitration(withAlkyl-上海有机化学研究所.PDF

有机化学 2000 年第 20 卷 Vo 1. 20 , 2αxl 第 4 期，570ω573 Chinese lournal of Organic Chemistry No.4 , 570 - 573 ·研究简报· 皂土催化剂上芳短的硝酸醋硝化反应的区域选择性研究 士/主忏千也禄 吕春绪 骂r 布í :!.p (南京理工大学化学系南京 21刷的 摘要 研究了酸性皂土催化剂上硝酸烧基醋硝化芳短烧基苯方法的区域选择性。反应具有强对位选择性硝化能力，如 甲苯的硝酸正丙醋硝化，产物邻对比例可达到 0.58 ，较硝硫棍酸的1.67 显著降低。催化剂可循环使用。催化特性通过化学分 析、凹田、XRD 和 ESCA 讨论。该方法在合成硝基芳短化合物领域具有环境和经济双重意义。 关键词 芳炬，皂土，硝酸醋，催化硝化，区域选择性 Regioselectivity of Aromatic Nitration (with Alkyl Nitrates) in the Presence of Acid - Treated Bentonite Catalysts PENG Xin - Hua祷， LU Chun- Xu (DepartmeTÚ 0/ Chemis町， Nar拼ng University 0/ Science and 71配hnology ， 21αY:ì4 Nanjing ) Abs位act Regioselectivities of alkylbenzenes nitration were investigated in the presence of acid 一 treated bentonite catalysts by using alkyl nitrates. The reaction was highly p缸a - selective. Ortlw - to - para ratio was below 0.58 in the nitration products of toluene wi出 n - propyl nitrate instead of 1.67 , as compared wi由 sulfonitric acid. Catalyst can be recycled . Catalytic characteristics were discussed by chemical analysis , FTIR , XRD and ESCA . The process is enviro - economics and represents an attractive method for the clean 叩由esis of a range of nitro aromatic compounds. Key words aromatics , bentonite , alkyl nitrate , catalytic nitration , regioselectivity 究了甲苯在皂土担载硝酸盐上发生硝化反应的特 元机环境清洁团体物用于有机合成反应催化剂 和载体引起广泛重视[l] ，如 Friedel - Crafts 反应[2] 、 性[7] ，但共同缺点是担载硝酸盐不能再生。上述为 Diels - Alder 反应用等。目前芳怪工业硝化普遍应 工业应用时受到限制。鉴于此，我们探索了皂士催