同义、近义词、词组.docVIP

同义、近义词、词组 同义、近义词、词组范围很广,涉及到各种词类,我们在以上有关章节中已谈到这方面的内容,这里我们仅举数例同义、近义词、词组的辨析。 1.likely,probable,possible 1)likely意为很可能的;probable一般指有较大的可能;possible仅指有可能,不管可能性大小。例如:His election is possible,but not probable.(他有可能当选,但是可能性不大。)The police concluded that the probable(not possi-ble)cause of the fire had been a cigarette butt.(警察得出结论,火灾很可能是由烟蒂引起的。)She is likely to succeed.(她很可能成功。) 2)likely之后常跟不定式,也可接从句,而probable之后通常接从句,不跟不定式。possible作表语时,主语用it,或something,一般不用人作主语。例如: He is likely to come. It is likely that he will come. It is possible that I might be of some use in that part of the work. 注意以下句型:It is likely/probable+that clause sb./sth.+be+likely+不定式 3)likely,probably,possibly作副词时,含义和用法略有不同,likely多和most或very连用;probably=most likely,意为很可能。He may possibly succeed.(他或许会成功。)含有不会成功的意味较多。 2.lost,missing,gone 1)lost用于修饰物时是丢失了的之意。例如:a lost pen,ones lost youth;用于修饰人时是迷途的之意。例如:a lost child 2)missing有失踪的,行踪不明的之意,因此,小孩失踪应用missing。修饰物时,意为缺少的,不在的。例如: There is a page missing from this book. 3)gone意为离开的。例如:He is gone.也可作丧失的,用光的解。例如: His hair was nearly all gone. All his money is gone.3.illness,sickness,disease 1)illness指患病的状态。例如: She died after a long illness. 2)disease指具体的某一疾病。例如: Many diseases are caused by bacteria. They were more likely to die from childhood diseases. 3)sickness通常指身体不适,或者呕吐、恶心等。例如: Does the doctor know what his sickness is. He felt a wave of sickness come over him. 4.calm,quiet,silent,still 1)calm指天气、海洋等时,表示一种无风无浪的平静;指人时,表示镇静平和的心情。例如: He remained calm. After the storm the sea was calm again. 2)quiet指没有动静,没有噪音,尤指没有骚动的安宁状态。例如: Everything was quiet. Keep quiet. 3)silent用于事物时,侧重没有声响;用于指人时,强调少言寡语。例如: Thats a silent film. Why do you keep silent. 4)still侧重于不动、静止时,与calm,quiet,silent不能替换;侧重于无声时,可与quiet替换。例如: Please keep still while I take a photo of you. How still(quiet)everything is!5.pleased,pleasant,pleasing,pleasure 1)pleased指外物作用于感官,使人感到高兴 、满意、喜欢,常见的结构为:be pleased+不定式或从句,be pleased with,be pleased at (about)。例如: Im very pleased with the performance. Were pleased about (at) your