奇妙的酶世界.ppt

第五组 discovery history biological function related diseases industrial application enzyme structure and mechanism 1.discovery history Enzyme found comes from the people to the fermentation mechanism gradually understand. As early as the late 18th and early 19th centuries, people have realized that food is digested in the stomach, with plant extract can converts starch into sugar, but dont know for its corresponding mechanism. By the middle of the 19th century, French scientist Louis Pasteur of sugar into alcohol fermentation process is studied, that there is a dynamic material in the yeast cell, named ferment. He proposed a fermentation are the result of the active substances catalytic, and that energy substances exist only in the life, will lose fermentation cells burst. In 1878, German physiologist William first proposed the concept of this enzyme in flexion. Then enzyme was used specifically to pepsin of nonliving substances, and the ferment is used to refer to catalytic activity produced by living cells 1.discovery history The enzyme for the mistakes corrected quickly. In 1897, German scientists Edward than cena began to do not contain cells fermentation of yeast extract), by Humboldt university in Berlin has done a series of experiments proved the fermentation process does not need complete living cells. He named which can give play to the role of fermentation enzyme fermentation enzymes. Opens the way to the contribution of modern enzymology and modern biological chemistry, its himself as the discovery of cell-free fermentation and corresponding biochemical research and won the 1907 Nobel Prize in chemistry. After this, enzyme and enzyme two concepts together, and the method of naming the basis than cena, the discoverer of the enzyme based on its catalytic reaction was named after them. The English name of an enzyme is usually in the catalytic substrate or type the name of the last plus - ase suffixes, and a corresponding Chinese name also USES similar me