多线程的应用(国外英语资料).docVIP

多线程的应用(国外英语资料) Why is multithreading better than most independent processes for most cooperative tasks? This is because threads share the same memory space. Different threads can access the same variable in memory. Therefore, all threads in a program can read or write declared global variables. If you have written important code with fork (), you will recognize the importance of this tool. Why? Although fork () allows you to create multiple processes, it also brings the following communication problems: how to let multiple processes communicate with each other, where each process has its own separate memory space. There is no easy answer to this question. Although there are many different kinds of local IPC (interprocess communication), they all encounter two important obstacles: 1. strengthens some form of extra kernel overhead, which degrades performance. 2. for most cases, IPC is not a natural extension of the code, which generally adds to the complexity of the program. Creating threads Function profile Phread_create is the UNIX environment that creates thread functions header file #includepthread.h Function declaration Int pthread_create (pthread_t, *restrict, tidp) Const pthread_attr_t *restrict_addr, Void * (start_rtn) (void *), Void, *restrict, Arg); Return value If successful, returns 0, otherwise an error number is returned When returning successfully, the memory cell pointed by the tidp is set to the thread ID of the newly created thread. The attr parameter is used to formulate various thread attributes. The newly created thread to start running from the start_rtn address of the function, this function is only a null pointer parameter Arg, if you need to like the parameters of start_rtn transfer function more than one, you need to put these parameters into a structure, then the structure of the address as the incoming Arg parameter. Linux uses C to develop multithreaded programs, and threads under Linux systems follow the POSIX thread interface, called pt