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Chapter 14 Genetic Recombination and Genetic Engineering Section 1DNA Recombination 　 Homologous recombination occurs between identical or nearly identical sequences. It is also called general recombination. Bacterial Conjugation has been defined as the transmission of genetic information from a donor bacterium to a recipient cell through cell-to-cell contact. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 Transduction is the transfer of DNA fragments from one bacterium to another bacterium by a bacteriophage. 　 　 　 §1.5 Site-specific Recombination §1.6 Transposition Transposition is the movement of specific pieces of DNA in the genome. Transposition resembles site-specific recombination being catalyzed by special enzymes. 　 insertion sequences (IS) including: inverted repeats (IR)：9~41bp transposase gene repeated sequences：4~12bp types of IS transposition duplicative transposition Conservative transposition transposon Insertion sequence + another gene (usually antibiotic gene) 　 　 　 Section 2Recombinant DNA Technology 　 A clone is defined as a number of identical copy (molecules, cells or individuals) all derived from a common ancestor. Also named asexual multiplication. 　 DNA cloning involves separating a specific gene or segment of DNA from its larger chromosome and attaching it to a small molecule of carrier DNA, then replicating this modified DNA thousands or even millions of times. Recombinant DNA technology By artificial means, when a gene of one species is transferred to another living organism, it is called recombinant DNA technology. In common parlance, this is known as genetic engineering. 　 restriction endonucleases DNA polymeraseⅠ reverse transcriptase DNA ligase Alkaline phosphatase terminal transferase Taq DNA polymerase 　 It can recognize special sequences and cleave DNA at these specific base sequences. Type II can recognize palindrome sequences. Palindrome Palindrome is also called inverted repeat sequence, which means the nucleotide sequ