机械工作法ch17.ppt

CUTTING-TOOL TECHNOLOGY AND RELATED TOPICS Tool life Tool materials Tool geometry Cutting fluids Machinability Machining economics ©2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Introduction to Manufacturing Processes Cutting Tool Technology Two principal aspects: Tool material Tool geometry ©2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Introduction to Manufacturing Processes Three Modes of Tool Failure Fracture failure Cutting force becomes excessive and/or dynamic, leading to brittle fracture Temperature failure Cutting temperature is too high for the tool material Gradual wear Gradual wearing of the cutting tool ©2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Introduction to Manufacturing Processes Preferred Mode: Gradual Wear Fracture and temperature failures are premature failures Gradual wear is preferred because it leads to the longest possible use of the tool Gradual wear occurs at two locations on a tool: Crater wear – occurs on top rake face Flank wear – occurs on flank (side of tool) ©2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Introduction to Manufacturing Processes Tool Wear Worn cutting tool, showing the principal locations and types of wear that occur ©2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Introduction to Manufacturing Processes Tool wear (flank wear) as a function of cutting time ©2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Introduction to Manufacturing Processes Tool Wear vs. Time Effect of cutting speed on tool flank wear (FW) for three cutting speeds, using tool life criterion of 0.5 mm flank wear ©2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Introduction to Manufacturing Processes Effect of Cutting Speed Natural log‑log plot of cutting speed vs. tool life ©2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. M P Groover, Introduction to Manufacturing Processes Tool Life vs. Cutting Speed Taylor Tool Life Equation vTn = C where v = cutting speed; T = tool life; and n and C are parameters that depend on feed, depth of cut, work material, tooling material, and the t