石油的用途.pptx

Using oil and natural gas; Petroleum industry plays a considerably important role in our daily life and other industries. The chemical structure of petroleum is heterogeneous(多相的，由多种成分形成的), composed of hydrocarbon chains of different lengths. Because of this, petroleum may be taken to oil refineries and the hydrocarbon chemicals separated by distillation and treated by other chemical processes, to be used for a variety of purposes. ;;Cosmetics(化妆品)：Some components of our cosmetics, like lipstick, facial makeup, soap and shampoo, are all derived from crude oil or natural gas. Medicine: Oil and natural gas contribute to our health and well-being. Most pain relievers have a coating – derived from petroleum – that helps protect our stomachs from irritation. Heating: Millions of families worldwide rely on clean-burning natural gas to cook their food and heat their homes.; Computers: Polystyrene(聚苯乙烯), made from petroleum, is the hard plastic that forms the casings for computer and other appliances. It is also the basis of Styrofoam(泡沫塑料). ;Clothing: Petroleum plays a role in making clothes colorful and non-flammable. Hangers: Petroleum-based resins(树脂)provide excellent strength to hangers. Crayons(蜡笔): Crayons are made from paraffin wax, a byproduct of the crude oil refining process.;Laundry Detergent(洗衣粉): Both the sturdy, lightweight plastic bottle and the active ingredients in the detergent are derived from petrochemicals. ;Furniture: Couch cushions(垫子) are often filled with durable lightweight polyurethane foam(聚氨酯泡沫塑料). Carpeting(地毯): The majority of carpeting is made from fibers that originate as petroleum. Various petroleum-based and synthetic chemicals are added to help crate varieties of texture and durability. Outlet Covers: Most plastics do not conduct electricity, which is why they made good insulators for wires, outlets, switches, and electronic equipment.;Cookware: Non-stick cookware is coated with PTFE(聚四氟乙烯), providin