london伦敦 - ppiaf.doc

PPIAF Study of Systems of Private Participation in Public Transport 私人参与公共运输系统研究 London 伦敦(英国首都) June 2005 2005年6月 Prepared by : Brendan Finn Table 1 : Basic Data 表1:基础数据 City城市 London伦敦 Area地区 London 伦敦 Country国家 England, UK英国 Transport Authority 运输机构 Greater London Authority 大伦敦机构 Agency Name 代理机构名称 Transport for London 伦敦运输 URL一致资源定址器 .uk Area of coverage 覆盖区域 Greater London area 大伦敦地区 Population人口 (urban)(市区) (suburban)(郊区) 7,388,000 Area 地区 (urban)(市区) (suburban)(郊区) Central London 大伦敦 27 sq. km. Rest of Inner London剩余的伦敦内城 294 sq. km. Outer London 伦敦以外 1,259 sq. km. All Greater London整个大伦敦 1,579 sq. km. Procurement basis 获得基础 Open competitive tendering on route or route lot basis for standard 5-year contracts on gross-cost basis with quality incentives 公开的竞争性投标标的是有质量激励的标准5年总成本合同基础上的路线或是路线用地. Transport modes 运输形式 Bus, underground, commuter rail, LRT 公交,地铁,往返火车,LRT Table 2 : Political Framework and History of Reform 表2: 行政框架和改革历史 City城市 London伦敦 General Political contest 普遍的行政竞争 Nature of national political system 国家行政系统的性质 Hierarchy of Authorities 国家行政系统的性质 Central Government establishes national Transport policy and establishes the legal framework. 中央政府建立国家运输政策和法律框架. Greater London Authority (GLA) is the statutory municipal authority for the Greater London area. The next layer is the Borough, of which there are 33 in the Greater London Area. Each Borough has its own local authority. 大伦敦机构(GLA)是大伦敦地区法定的市政机构.下一层是自治市镇,在大伦敦地区有33个.每一个自治市镇有它自己的当地的机构. The Mayor is directly elected. The GLA is governed by the London Assembly, to which 25 members are elected at the same time as the Mayor. 14 of these are elected from constituencies, and a further 11 from a London-wide list. 市长是直接选举的.GLA由伦敦议会统治,25个成员是和市长同时被选举的.其中14个是从选举区的全体选民中选择的,另外的11个是从伦敦范围的列单中选择的. Allocation of powers among jurisdictions 权限的分配 In the rest of the UK, transport authorities have no power over commercial services. They are the authority for services which, under limited