英语专业写作王星主编 PPT Unit_1__Outline.pptVIP

Unit 1 Outline Duty report: about 5 minutes Questions for discussion What is the most important factor of writing an essay? Do you have the habit of making an outline before writing an essay? And how do you do that? What do you know about an outline? 1. The significance of writing an outline Definition: An outline is essential for writing any paper. It is the skeleton of an essay, providing shape and support. An outline is a logical and general description, a schematic summary, an organizational pattern, and a visual and conceptual design of an essay. It reflects the author’s logical thinking and the classification of his/her subject. Therefore, the purpose of making an outline is to assist the writer in the process of writing. This means that an outline can help the writer to organize his/her ideas, present the material in a logical form, show the relationship between ideas in writing, and construct an orderly overview of the essay. 2. Three essentials for making an outline 3. The general structure of an outline Thesis (controlling idea) Ⅰ. Main idea A. Sub-idea B. Sub-idea 1. Supporting detail 2. Supporting detail a. Fact 1 b. Fact 2 Ⅱ. Main idea A. Sub-idea B. Sub-idea 1. Supporting detail 2. Supporting detail 3. Supporting detail C. Sub-idea Ⅲ. Conclusion Example: Thesis: Foreign trade is beneficial to and indispensable for all nations. Ⅰ. Introduction: the foundation of foreign trade Ⅱ. The necessity of visible trade A. Lack of certain commodities B. Insufficiency of particular items C. Comparative advantage in certain items D. Latest innovations and different styles of commodities Ⅲ. The necessity of invisible trade—exchange of services between nations A. Transport