英语专业英国文学史课件Thomas Gray Robert Burns and William Blake.ppt

Thomas Gray,  Robert Burns, William Blake Plan for This Period Review about last class: Enlightenment Neoclassicism Thomas Gray Literary trend for this class: Sentimentalism Pre-romanticism The Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard Review about the Enlightenment The Enlightenment Movement: a progressive intellectual movement which flourished first in France and swept through the western Europe .It is the furtherance of the Renaissance .It’s purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas. The Humanist Views and the Rational Rules The enlighteners celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. They held that rationality or reason should be the only cause of any human thought and activities. They called for a reference to order, reason and rules. They believed that when reason served as the yardstick for the measurement of all human activities and relations, every superstition, injustice and oppression was to yield place to “eternal truth,” “eternal justice,” and “natural equality.” The enlighteners also advocated universal education. Neoclassicism The Result of Enlightenment to Literature Neoclassicism: in the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism. According to the neoclassicists , all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers ( Homer, Virgil(维吉尔 ), Horace (负拉), Ovid(奥维德 ) , etc .) and those of the contemporary French ones. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic. Restrained emotion and accuracy, and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. This belief led them to seek proportion, unity, harmony and grace in literary expressions, in an effort to delight , instruct and correct human beings, primarily as social animals. In the last d