水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承研究综述 - 白城师范学院.doc

水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承研究综述 王蕴1 刘峰2 (1.白城师范学院机械电子工程系，吉林 白城 137000 2.天津大学机械工程学院,天津 300072) 摘要：现行的滑动轴承多为油基滑动轴承，但是由于矿物油严重的污染问题，不符合工业界绿色制造的趋势。水作为一种资源丰富、低成本、无污染的润滑介质，可以和具有独特性能的陶瓷材料组成水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承，以独特的优势应用于工业界。本文通过对水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承研究情况的总结，首先介绍了水作为润滑剂的特性，其次分析了当用作水润滑轴承时不同陶瓷材料的摩擦磨损特性，最后重点讨论了水的改性、轴承润滑方式的选择、轴承设计方法、制造及试验等水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承关键技术，期望上述研究工作促进水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承进一步发展。 关键词：水润滑，轴承，绿色制造，润滑剂 中图分类号：TH133.31; TH117 AN OVERVIEW OF WATER-LUBRICATED CERAMIC BEARINGS WANG Yun1 WANG Zhan Bin2 WEI Jian Hua2 （1.Department of Mechanical Electrical Engineering,BaiCheng Normal College, BaiCheng, JiLin 137000 China 2.School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University 300072 China ） The State Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China Abstract: Bearings are normally lubricated with oil-based lubricants, which are not considered environmentally-friendly in green manufacturing. Water, one of the abundant resources, can be used as a lubricant in industry. However, due to its physical and chemical properties, there are advantages and limitations in water-lubricated ceramic bearings. This paper reports a review of the published research works on water-lubricated bearings. We have compared water as a lubricant with others. We also have compared the wear mechanisms/behaviors and applications of these bearings made of different ceramic materials. Finally, we have highlighted the improvements of water, the selections of bearing materials and lubricating modes, the methods for new design of the water-lubricated bearings and the critical issues in manufacturing of these bearings, which are wished to be helpful for development of water-lubricated ceramic bearings. Keywords: Water-Lubricated, Bearings, Green Manufacturing, Lubricant 1．绪论 [1]。 传统的滑动轴承材料多为金属，但是其密度大、热导率与热膨胀系数大，如果用在精密主轴系统中，主轴性能会受到很大影响。同时由于水对于金属有锈蚀性，因此在水润滑条件下金属已不再适宜作为轴承材料。但是陶瓷材料可以弥补水润滑的一些缺点，它具有耐磨损、耐化学腐蚀、热膨胀系数小等优良特性，因此它可以适应水润滑的边界摩擦和干摩擦状态，同时也不易发生腐蚀[2]。因此水润滑陶瓷轴承具备实现高速高精度指标、广泛快速发展的潜力。 2．水作为润滑剂的特性 矿物油