词义三角第4讲.ppt

第 4单 元 教研室：外语系专业英语教研室 教师姓名：李璐 ?课程名称: 英语词汇学 讲授内容及时间分配: 2 hours 授课专业及班次08级1-3 授课内容 Semantic meaning of words?授课方式及学时Lecture：2 h目的要求 1) what is word sense? 2) What is motivation? 3)How many kinds of motivation? ??? 重点与难点: 语义三角 参考资料: 1.英语词汇学. 张维友.外语教学与研究出版社 1996. 2.现代英语词汇学.陆国强.上海外语教学出版社 1998. 3.现代汉语词汇研究.曹炜. 北京大学出版社 2004. 4.英语词汇学. 汪榕培. 上海外语教学出版社 2008 Unit Four Word Meaning What appears in your mind when we speak of ‘cat’? Does it refer to a girl or an animal? We know that a word is the combination of form and meaning. By form we mean both its pronunciation and spelling. Meaning is what the form stands for. There are some related concepts which need further clarification. 1.What is reference(所指）? （P51-52） Reference is the relationship between language and the world. Many of words have meaning only when they have acquired reference. By means of reference, a speaker indicates which things/persons in the world are being talked about. In other words, only when a connection has been established between the linguistic sign and a referent, i.e. an object , a phenomenon, a person does the sign become meaningful. Only with the help of context, can it refer to something definite. And the reference to the thing outside the language is arbitrary and conventional. The form ‘Cat’ is referable, only because the language user employs it to refer to the ‘four-legged animal with soft fur and sharp claw’. And the word ‘cat’ refers to a whole set of animals of the same species without the distinction of size, colour, region, owner and other factors. It is the extension of all cats in the universe. But ‘meaning” is not as simple as it seems to be. In many cases, meaning is used in the sense of concept. What is concept? (P52) Concept ,which is beyond the symbol , is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.It is abstract. So a concept can have many referring e