词汇学拟声词.ppt

* Onomatopoeia Motivation 拟声理据 By 龙思学 刘文芳 Onomatopoeic motivation means defining the principle of motivation by sounds, which seem to be closely related to their senses; the sounds suggest the meanings. primary onomatopoeia 基本拟声 secondary onomatopoeia 次要拟声 Primary Onomatopoeia It means the imitation of sound by sound, of natural sound by human speech sound, which is truly an “echo to the sense”: the reference itself is an acoustic experience which is more or less closely imitated by the phonetic structure of the word. Aha! 满意，愉快，胜利； Hmmm! 思考； Ouch 疼痛； Wow! 诧异，惊讶; haw-haw：哈哈大笑； gurgle：咯咯地笑； Murmur：喃喃说话声； moan：呻吟声，悲叹声； shrill：尖声； bellow：怒吼声. The imitations of human voice： bee（蜜蜂）-----hum, buzz bull(公牛)-----bellow, low cat（猫）-----miaow， meow， purr dog（狗）-----bark???????????? duck（鸭子）-----quack fly（苍蝇）---buzz frog（青蛙）-----croak The imitations of animal ： goat（山羊）----- bleat horse（马）----- neigh lion（狮子）----- roar mosquito（蚊子）----- hum， buzz，?drone? pig（猪）-----grunt tiger（老虎）---- growl wolf（狼）----- howl，growl? birds（鸟）-----twitter, chirp, geese（鹅）---- gaggle magpies（喜鹊）----- chatter swallows（燕子）-----chirp pigeons（鸽子）----- coo cocks（公鸡）-----crow cuckoos（布谷鸟）-----cuckoo? larks（云雀）-----warble hen（母鸡）----- crackle，?cluck Secondary Onomatopoeia It means that certain sounds and sound-sequences are associated with certain senses in an expressive relationship. In this form, the sounds evoke, not only an acoustic experience, but also a movement, or some physical or moral quality. It usually provides a sound symbolic schema. sn- usually suggests breath-noise: snot, sneeze, snort, snore, sniff, sniffle, snuff, snuffle, snout; quick separation or movement: snip, snap, snatch, snippers; creeping: snake, snail, sneak; pejorative sense: snarl, snivel, sneer, snicker, snide, snob, snitch, snit, snub, snafu, snipe. sk- suggests light movement over a surface: skate, skim, skid, skip, sketch sl- suggests slippery : slide, sleek, slick bl- suggests aeration: bl