语言学概论chpt2 phonetics and phonology.ppt

Schwa deletion rule in English: [?] →? / C? ___ σ C? V [?] →? / C? V σ C? ___ σ C? V How are we able to identify a syllable and hence count the number of syllables of each word? Recognition of the nucleus(音核) Rhyme (韵基) = Nucleus + Coda Two words are said to be rhyming with each other if they have the same rhyme. Main and plain Street and sheet English phonotactic constraints In the English language, there are various phonotactic constraints with regard to the possible combinations and sequencing of consonants in the onset and coda positions. lig or vig. [fs?ɡ] or [rn?ɡ] violating some constraints on the sequence or position of English phonemes. In other words, consonants should be organized into the onset of a following syllable without violating the phonotactic constraints (i.e. permitted arrangements of sounds) in English. Practice: Syllabify the following words Aspirin Splendid extreme Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given: S_________ features are the phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments. They include stress, tone, intonation, etc.? The rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called s?____ rules.? The transcription of speech sounds with letter-symbols only is called broad transcription while the transcription with letter-symbols together with the diacritics is called n_________ transcription.? 4. When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as i_________.? 5. P___________ is a discipline which studies the system of sounds of a particular language and how sounds are combined into meaningful units to effect linguistic communication.? ?  II. There are four choices following each of the statements below. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement: 1. The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by “copying” a feature of a sequential phonem