高中英语必修四 U4P3 Grammar.ppt

* Unit 4 Grammar The Use of -ing Form (3) 动词-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。 1. 作定语 动词-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语, 这时有两种情况。 (1)动词-ing形式表示 “供作......之用”的意 思, 这类作定语的-ing形式过去叫动名词。 a swimming pool = a pool for swimming a sleeping car = a car for sleeping (2)动词-ing形式表示 “......的” 意思, 过 去叫现在分词。 a sleeping child working people the rising sun 动词-ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。如: They are visitors coming from several countries. The boy standing there is a classmate of mine. Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people enter the room and looked around in a curious way. (2)Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. 原因 2. 作状语 可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、 行为方式或伴随动作等。 伴随动作 (3)Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. 条件 (4)The boy sat in front of the farm- house, cutting the branch. 伴随 (5)He came running back to tell me the news. 方式 (6)(When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. =When he heard the news, he got frightened. (7)The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. 结果 时间, 可以在分词前保留when Attention Please 动词-ing形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。 Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city. (分词的逻辑主语是time, 而句子的主语是I, 两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。) You see her step back appearing surprised. His nose touches Mr. Cook’s moving hand. You see her step back appearing surprised. =You see her step back and she appears surprised. His nose touched Mr. Cook’s moving hand. =His nose touched Mr. Cook’s hand which is moving. They also express their feelings using unspoken language. =They also express their feelings by the way of using unspoken language. =They are visitors who come from several countries. They are visitors coming from several countries. 1. The stranger said something in a _______ voice and the little girl was very much _______. A. frightening, frightened B. frightened, frightening C. frightening, fri