copy语法—情态动词资料 tch.pptVIP

---Modal Verbs [tch] ;I 情态动词的定义 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare , shall (should), will (would) . II 情态动词的位置 情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前，谓语动词前若有助动词，则在助动词之前，疑问句中， 情态动词放在主语之前。 I can see you. Come here. 我能看见你，过来吧。 He must have been away. 他一定走了。 What can I do for you? 你要什么？ How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们! Ⅲ 情态动词的语法特征 　1）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 　2） 情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接动词原形。 　3） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。;can和could;特别说明： 1.could用来表示请求时，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不能用于肯定句，答语应用can（即：could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如： ——Could I use your dictionary? ——Yes, you can.(否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.或者是you can’t) 2.表示推测时，could不是过去式，只是语气更委婉；若是推测已发生的事或过去的情况，用can/could have done 3.can和be able to辨析 can(could)和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式。如： I’ve always wanted to be able to speak fluent English. Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own? 但是，表示在过去某时的某一场合经过一番努力，终于做成了某事，通常不用could，而用was/were able to来表示。这时，was/were able to相当于managed to do或succeed in doing。如： After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again. The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building. 4 惯用形式“cannot …too…”表示“无论怎么……也不（过分）”。如： You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。 惯用形式“cannot but+ 不定式（不带to）”表示“不得不，只好”。如： I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。 ;二．may和 might;may, might, can, could;may, might, can, could;三．must和have to;四．shall和should;;五．will和would;1. We __________ smoke here, because the worker is carrying some petrol. 2. It is dangerous. You __________ leave the room immediately. 3. He ___________ go hiking with friends at weekends when young. 4. Write to me when you get home. ---I ___________. 5. --Need I hand in my exercise book at once? --Yes, you__________. 6. You have been working all day. You __________ be very tired. 7. It is a long time since we met la