浅谈英汉互译中文化信息的传递.docVIP

浅谈英汉互译中文化信息的传递浅谈英汉互译中文化信息的传递On Transmitting Cultural Information in TranslationBetween English and ChineseAbstract: Translation is a representation or creation in one language of what is written or said in another language. Any language is inseparable from culture of the society in which the language is used. One the one hand, language is a medium and container of cultural information, on the other hand, language is influenced by culture. So translation involves the transmission of cultural information. With varied histories, environment, habits, social customs, religions, morals, laws and social relations, etc., different societies have different cultures. This makes it difficult to transmit cultural information in translation. So a translator should be a master not only of the two languages but also of the two cultures. And in this case, the translator is a messenger of cultural exchange.Key words: Translation? ?Culture? ?Information? ?Transmission浅谈英汉互译中文化信息的传递摘要：任何语言都不能脱离其社会文化而独立存在。一方面，语言是文化交流的媒介和载体，另一方面，语言也受文化的影响。语言与文化是不可分割的。而翻译是把一种语言表达的信息转换成另一种语言的活动或行为。因此，英汉互译中不可避免的涉及到中英文化信息的传递。由于英汉两个民族的生存环境、历史、风俗、宗教等文化传统的不同，这给翻译带来了一定的难度。因此，对翻译工作者来说，不仅要熟悉两种语言，同时还必须熟悉两种文化。从这种意义上来说，译者是文化交流的使者。关键词：翻译??文化??信息? ?传递这篇文章我们主要探讨汉英互译中常用的四种文化信息传递的方法：直译法、增译法、功能对应法、意译法。一、直译法直译法即字面意思的翻译。因为中英民族都属于人类社会，具有人类社会文化的某些共性。人们在与自然做斗争的过程中，观察到同样的自然现象并得出同样的结论及对世界的共同认识，这些相同的结论和认识又是通过语言表达出来的。因此这类的文化信息直译过来不难理解。例如，汉语里有“浑水摸鱼”，而英语有“To fish in troubled waters”，英语里有“spend money like water”，汉语里对应有“花钱如流水”再如，英语里说“Like father, like son”,汉语里说“有其父必有其子”。下面还有更多的例子：（1）To give somebody the green light 开绿灯? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? （2）To add fuel to fire??火上浇油（3）The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak 心有余而力不足（4）Time is money 时间就是金钱（5）Constant dropping wears the stone??滴水石穿（6）I’ve washed my hands of the whole sordid business.? ???我已经彻底洗手不干那种肮脏的勾当了。（7）The news that the firm was closing down came as a bolt from the blue to the staff.? ???商行要倒闭的消息对该行的职员来说是个晴天霹雳。 同时文化又是一个开放的体系，我们可以不断从其它语言中引进新的信息。因此，英语从汉语中引进了大量的蕴