词汇学第3讲Basic Concepts of Words.pptVIP

* * * Distribution of Petroleum English Vocabulary 616,500 words (OED2 in 1989) 1) high frequency words 500 core words: 70% (50 function words) (400 other common words) (50 common semi-technical words) 2) middle frequency words 4200 common words: 25% (3000 other common words) (1200 other semi-technical words) 3) low frequency words 8000 words: 4% (4500 highly technical words) (3500 rare technical words) 4) 3500 Very rare words: 1% 1) In terms of origin 2) In terms of frequency of use 3) In terms of style 4) In terms of notion 5) In terms of motivation III. Classification of Words Five Types of Classification 3. In terms of Style III. Classification of Words (1) Frozen style (庄严体): most used on ceremonies, in very formal occasion, in written legal documents or highly solemn speech (2) Formal style (正式体): public address (3) Consultative style (商谈体、一般体): less formal gatherings, used in daily lives (4) Casual style ( 随意体): among friends (5) Intimate style (亲密体): between family members or bosom friends Examples to show different styles 1) My beloved parent has joined the heavenly choir. 2) My dear father has expired. 3) My father has passed away. 4) My dad has died. 5) My old man just kicked the bucket. 1) 吾父升天矣。 frozen 2) 我亲爱的父亲已经过世了。 formal 3) 父亲走了。 consultative 4) 我爸死了。 casual 5) 我家那老头儿玩完了。 intimate (A lecturer is going to make a speech, but it is noisy in the hall, so he said the following:) Your silence is requested. Quiet, please. Would you be so good as to be quiet? Do shut up. Put a sock in it. Drop dead! (Here the speaker‘s tone changes from very polite to dissatisfied, to impatient, until at last shouting abuse. ) Examples to show different styles Formal Common or Informal witness see consider think about render give commence begin, start terminate end, finish tolerate bea