终审修改稿稿件编号：201301015利用生物柴油去除滨海构筑物上.DOCVIP

终审修改稿 稿件编号：201301015 利用生物柴油去除滨海构筑物上原油的模拟研究 夏文香 张丹峰 肖行川 郭慧 于洋 李金成( (青岛理工大学 环境与市政工程学院，青岛，266033) 摘要：溢油向岸滩漂移会造成海岸带人工构筑物的严重污染。本文用混凝土片模拟滨海构筑物，研究投加生物柴油及营养对石油污染物的去除效果。结果表明施加生物柴油可以促进滨海构筑物上的石油进入水中，生物柴油施加量越大，构筑物上残余的石油量越小；同时施加生物柴油和营养能够促进海水中降解石油微生物的增殖和石油的降解；营养和微生物条件一致的情况下，投加2mL和5mL生物柴油的系统中石油的总去除率分别为37.5%和32.7%，表明生物柴油的投加量有一个适宜值。研究结果可为生物柴油-营养联合修复石油污染海岸带提供数据支持。 关键词：人工构筑物 海岸带 生物柴油 原油 生物修复 中图分类号：X55 Removal of crude oil from coastal structures by biodiesel Xia wenxiang, Zhang danfeng, Xiao xingchuan, Guo hui, Yu yang, Li jincheng (Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao, 266033, China Abstract: Oil spill drifted to the beach would heavily contaminate artificial structures along shoreline. Concrete tiles were used to simulate the artificial structures on beach, and the removal efficiency of petroleum contamination was investigated by adding nutrients and biodiesel. Results showed biodiesel could promote crude oil attached to the structures entering into seawater, and the more it is added, the less residual oil remained. Adding biodiesel and nutrients simultaneously could increase the amount of petroleum degrading microbes and oil degradation efficiency. When 2mL and 5mL biodiesel was added in the system respectively with the same nutrients and microbes condition, total oil degradation efficiency was 37.5% and 32.7% respectively which indicated there is an optimal value of biodiesel addition. The results could offer some information for bioremediation of oil polluted shoreline by biodiesel and nutrients. Key words: artificial structures; shoreline; biodiesel; crude oil; bioremediation 我国每年发生海上溢油事故约500起，对海洋生态平衡构成了严重威胁[1]。在洋流和波浪的影响下，溢油极易向岸边聚积，并对海岸带造成污染[2]。研究表明，海岸带并不缺乏降解石油的微生物：在未受石油烃污染时，烃降解菌占全部异养菌数量的1%或更少；但当污染发生后，烃降解菌的比例可上升至10%[3]。石油为海水中的微生物提供了充足的碳源，相比而言氮、磷营养较缺乏，因此对海岸带石油污染常采用施加营养的生物修复法，该法已成功地用于海岸带石油污染的生物修复[4-5]。 然而，海岸带的人工构筑物质量大、面积广且难于搬动，原油粘附上去后很难人工清除。虽然海水中的微生物可以降解石油，但是海水周期性的浸没和消退使得其难以与构筑物上的石油充分接触，而构筑物上的石油又很难进入到海水中，故而生物修复滨海构筑物上的石油