定语从句与并列句,强调句,宾语从句,同位语从句的区别.ppt

定语从句与并列句，强调句， 宾语从句，同位语从句的区别 It was in the house that he was born.  答题技巧 判断定语从句引导词的一般思路 1. 明确引导词的常规用法 2. 明确定语从句的逻辑语序 一般说来,定语从句和其他各类从句一样采用陈述句的语序,不同之处在于引导词要位于从句句首。 3. 明确句子成分的基本概念 一般说来，主语和宾语由名词或代词充当，而表示时间、地点或原因的结构往往是句子的状语。根据定语从句引导词的词性可以确定that，which，who，whom，as等代词性的引导词，先行词为物，则用that或which，先行词为人，则用that或who（whom）；而when，where，why等副词在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语。 * 如果句与句之间有连词或者分号，则是并列句； 如果是逗号，且逗号后的内容是对前面某一名词的补充说明，则是非限制性定语从句。 Wang Hong failed in the College Entrance Examination; it disappointed his mother. 定语从句与并列句的区别 区分定语从句和强调句 It was the house where he was born. It was at midnight that he got sick. It was midnight when he got sick. 强调句 定语从句 强调句 定语从句 区分方法： 将句子中的“It was… that( when/ where)…” 结构去掉： 如若还能成完整的句子，则为强调句； 如若不能成完整的句子，则为定语从句。 定语从句和同位语从句的区别 1.同位语从句的先行词多数为抽象名词，比如idea, thought, question, hope , belief, truth, news, fact, doubt, message, order, chance, possibility, proof, 等等。而定语从句的先行词可以是很多n.或代词，有人，有物，有时间，有地点，有原因，抽象名词也可以成为定语从句的先行词。 2.同位语从句能够解释先行词的具体内容，属于同等位置关系，而定语从句只能对先行词起到限定修饰作用，不能解释清楚其具体内容。如： The news that he succeeded in the test made us happy. The news that he got from the teacher made us happy. 同位语从句 定语从句 定语从句和同位语从句的区别 3.同位语从句多数用that引导，that无成分，无意义，仅起到连接作用。而定语从句的that可以做主语，表语，宾语（此时可省），有时还能用which替换。 The truth that he was a thief made us surprised. The truth that he got from the police made us surprised. 同位语从句 定语从句 =(which) 定语从句和同位语从句的区别 4.同位语从句可以用whether引导，定语从句不行。whether有意义“是否”，但无成分。 The question whether he will come or not is not settled. 定语从句可以用whom, who, whose引导，而同位语从句不行，因为它的先行词是抽象名词，不是sb. 定语从句和同位语从句的区别 5.when，where，和why引导定语从句时，先行词必须分别是时间名词，地点名词和reason. 但他们引导同位语从句时先行词却不是这些。 I have no idea when she will be back. I don’t know the time when she will be back. I have no idea where she left the bag. I don’t know the place where she left the bag. The question why we must learn English has been asked many times. The reason why we must learn English has been explained. 同位语从句 同位语从句 同位语从句 定语从句 定语从句 定语从句 定语从句和同位语从句的区别 6.同位语从句前面通常没有逗号。而定语从句有非限制性的。但