小升初句子成分结构.ppt

Members of a Sentence 句子成分 by Hazel 音素：英语读音的最小单位。 音节：英语读音的基本单位。 比如单词China（中国）划分成chi-na两个音节，单 词international（国际的）划分成in-ter-na-tio-nal 五个音节，单词English（英语）划分成Eng-lish两 个音节。 单词：表达思想的最小单位。 句子：表达思想的基本单位，含有主语和谓语动 词，有比较完整意义的一组词。 Basic Concepts 音标?[i:]、[i]、[?:]、[?] 英语语法 词法：主要是说明各种词的形成，变化及 用法的规律。 ??? 句法：主要是说明句子的各个组成部分及 结构的规律。 Words 缩写字母 原词 代表词性 例词 n. noun 名词 tree,book v. verb 动词 walk,run vt. transitive verb 及物动词 buy,tell vi. intransitive verb 不及物动词 go,work adj. adjective 形容词 red,round adv. adverb 副词 fast,often num. numeral 数词 one,first interj. interjection 感叹词 oh,hi pron. pronoun 代词 I,that prep. preposition 介词 in,on art. article 冠词 an,the conj conjunction 连词 and,but 实义动词后面跟宾语时，这个动词是及物动词。He opened the door. 实义动词后面不跟宾语时，此时这个动词是不及物动词。The door opened. 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词 有些动词既可作vt.又可作vi.，词义相同。 如：The meeting began at six. vi. We began the meeting at six. vt. 有些动词既可作vt.又可作vi.，但词义不同。 如：The man walked away. (walk为vi. 意为“走”) He walked the dog every day. ( walk为vt. “遛”) She washes clothes at home. (wash为vt. “洗”) The clothes washes well. (wash为vi. “耐洗”) Extension 1. Most birds can fly. 2. The children are flying kites in the park. 3. It happened yesterday. 4. My watch stopped. 5. When did they leave Beijing? 6. She spoke at the meeting this morning. 7. Shall I begin at once? 8. She began working as a teacher after she left school. 指出下列句中斜体动词是vt.还是vi. Words 缩写字母 原词 代表词性 例词 n. noun 名词 tree,book v. verb 动词 walk,run vt. tran