宁海地区甲状腺疾病发病率及危险因素分析.docVIP

宁海地区甲状腺疾病发病率及危险因素分析[摘要] 目的 调查分析宁海地区甲状腺疾病发病情况及其危险因素。方法 调查6025名宁海县居民的甲状腺疾病发病情况并分析其相关因素。结果 甲状腺疾病发病率为11.19%，其中甲状腺腺瘤38.9%，结节性甲状腺肿28.5%，甲状腺功能亢进16.2%，甲状腺癌7.7%，单纯性甲状腺肿4.0%，自身免疫性甲状腺炎1.8%，亚急性甲状腺炎1.6%，甲状腺功能减低1.3%。甲状腺疾病与性别、年龄、心理压力、饮食习惯、加碘盐食用情况、理化物质接触、烟酒嗜好、甲状腺疾病病史、甲状腺疾病家族史等方面具有显著相关性（P＜0.05或0.01）。结论 宁海县甲状腺疾病发病率较高，研究其相关危险因素对于甲状腺疾病的病因预防、早期诊断、早期合理治疗均具有重要意义 [关键词] 甲状腺疾病；发病率；影响因素 [中图分类号] R581 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2011）33-11-02 Survey and Analysis of the Incidence and Risk Factors of Thyroid Diseases in Ninghai Area WANG Youli Shenzhen Health Center of Ninghai County in Zhejiang Province, Ninghai 316514, China [Abstract] Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence and risk factors of thyroid diseases in Ninghai area. Methods Investigated the incidence of thyroid diseases and analyzed the risk factors of 6025 people lived in Ninghai County. Results The incidence of thyroid diseases was 11.19%, including thyroid adenoma （38.9%）, nodular goiter （28.5%）, hyperthyroidism （16.2%）, thyroid carcinoma （7.7%）, simple goiter （4.0%）, autoimmune thyroiditis （1.8%）, subacute thyroiditis （1.6%）, and hypothyroidism （1.3%）. The risk factors included gender, age, psychological pressure, dietary, iodized salt use, contact of physical and chemical material, liquor and tobacco use, thyroid diseases history, and thyroid diseases family history （P＜0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion The incidence of thyroid diseases is high in Ninghai County. Studying the risk factors has important significance for the prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment of thyroid diseases. [Key words] Thyroid diseases; Incidence; Influencing factors 甲状腺疾病属于内分泌系统临床常见病、多发病，是甲状腺功能、形态、组织结构等的病理性改变的一组疾病的总称。近年来随着人们生活水平的提高、保健意识的增强，饮食结构有了很大改变，甲状腺疾病发病率也呈现出上升趋势[1]。临床最为常见的甲状腺疾病主要有甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减低、单纯性甲状腺肿、自身免疫性甲状腺炎、甲状腺腺瘤、甲状腺癌等[2]，该类疾病发病原因目前尚不明确。宁海县位于浙江沿海，饮食饮水均具有相对较高的含碘量，为了了解宁海地区甲状腺疾病发病情况及其相关影响因素，笔者进行了相关调查分析，现报道如下 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 在宁海地区居住≥3年的浙江省宁海县居民6025例，其中男3452例，女2573例，年龄15～79岁，平均（58.9±33.7）岁。所有调查对象均自愿配合调查，无