环境内分泌干扰物的评价方法及其生物检测技术.pdfVIP

环境保护科学第39卷第4期 2013年8月 ·环境生态· 环境内分泌干扰物的评价方法及其生物检测技术 Assessment Methods and Biological Detection Techniques for Environmental Endocrine Disruptors (EDCs) 夏洁，苏冠勇，于红霞，张效伟 (南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室，江苏 南京 210093 ) 摘 要:由于化学分析设备与技术的不断提高，大量的有机化学物质不断地从环境介质和食品中被检出。尽管这 些物质的浓度很低，但是毒理学的研究表明，一些环珑内分泌干扰物质( Environrnental Endocrine Disruptors , EDCs ) 在很低浓度就能导致生物健康负效应。如何在种类众多的环境化学物质，以及在成分复杂的环境提取物中识别具有低 剂量效应的有害物质并加以管理十分重要。本文以 EDCs 为对象，结合近几年来的文献，综述了其可能造成的危害， 重点分析了 EDCs 的作用机制、筛选评估方法及生物检测技术，旨在为今后环境有害物质的筛选与风险识别研究提供 借鉴。 关键词:概念;危害;作用机制;评估;生物方法 中图分类号: X83 文献标识码: A Abstract: With the rapid development of analysis instruments and techniques , many organic chemicals have been frequently detected in various environrnental media and f)∞ds in recent years. Their concentration level is low, and toxicological studies show Ihal some of them might cause adverse effect to living organisms even at such a low concentration, especially for Environment Endocrine Disruptors (EDCs). It is veηimportant 10 successfully identi今 and mana吕;e these low-level harmful chemicals in complex environment samples. Taking EDCs as study objects , the potential risks of EDCs are summarized based on literature research in recent years , especially for the mechanisms of action, evaluation criteria and biological detection techniques of different EDCs , which will contribute to the screening and risk identification of harmful materials in environrnent. Key words: Conceptions; Hazards; Mechanism of Action; Assessment; Biological Methods CLC number: X83 环境内分泌干扰物(Environmental Endocrine 次会议上首次提出。 1996年， Colbom等发表的 Disruptors , EDCs )又称环境激素，美国环保局 ~ Our Stolen Future 一书，引起了发达国家对 ( United States Environmental Protection Agency , 内分泌干扰物污染问题的高度重视。目前，发达 USEPA) 对其定义为:可通过干扰生物或人类的 国家(如美