Theory of Turbulent Accretion Disks：（动荡的吸积盘理论）.pdfVIP

Theory of Turbulent Accretion Disks Caroline E. J. M. L. J. Terquem Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris and Universit´e Denis Diderot–Paris VII 1 0 To appear in the proceedings of the Aussois 2000 summer school 0 2 “Formation Stellaire et Physique des Etoiles Jeunes” l u J 0 Abstract 2 1 In low–mass disks, turbulent torques are probably the most important way of redis- v tributing angular momentum. Here we present the theory of turbulent accretion disks. 8 0 We show the molecular viscosity is far too small to account for the evolutionary timescale 4 of disks, and we describe how turbulence may result in enhanced transport of (angular) 7 momentum. We then turn to the magnetorotational instability, which thus far is the only 0 1 mechanism that has been shown to initiate and sustain turbulence in disks. Finally, we 0 present both the basis and the structure of α disk models. / h p - o 1 Introduction r t s a : It is an observational fact that at least part of the mass in protostellar disks is accreted onto v i the central objet. In a Keplerian accretion disk, the specific angular momentum increases with X radius. Therefore, a particle can be accreted only if its angular momentum is removed or r a transferred to particles located at lager radii. Whether angular momentum is removed from or redistributed within the disk depends on whether the disk is subject to external or internal torques. Possible external torques can either be magnetic (when an outflow is present) or tidal (in binary systems), whereas possible internal torques can either be gra