试论墨子思想的特点.pdfVIP

Abstract Many scholars have acquired plentiful and substantial research about Mohism, which has two tendencies: one is like Confucian, with the discussional criterion of whether according with Confucian learning, some agree the argumentation of keeping Mohism away, some agree that Confucianism and Mohism can be syncretized; the other refers to occident theories and has two aspects: firstly, according to occident theories, they consider that occident theories root in Mohism; secondly, baseding on state learning, referring occident latter-day subjects to Mohism and classifying the resemblance between them, they research different subjects in Mo-tse , such as politics, economy, military affairs, education, philosophy, religion, ethic and so on. Different from above research means, baseding on Mo-tse , consulting the exponents of the various schools of thought during the period of pre-Qin times and occident subjects, this paper uses Mohism to make clear Mohism. By this way, it tries to explain that what is the traits of Mohism, which how to command Mo-tse’s “ten theses” thoughts; and what is the characteristic of Heaven’s Will and Know Ghost. So we can obtain the essence of Mohism. Key words: Mohism; Mo-tse ; “ten theses”; trait 万方数据 目 录 一、墨学研究综述························································1 二、《墨子》文本研究····················································5 三、墨子思想及其特点的形成背景······································7 （一）社会政治背景…………………………………………………………………………………7 （二）学术背景……………………………………………………………………………………… 9 四、墨子思想的特点·····················································10 （一）平民性………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 1、社会理想：兼爱、非攻 2、政治理想：尚贤、尚同