2016初中英语不定式复习上课必用概要1.ppt

动词不定式 定义：不定式的构成是to+动词原形，当然to有时也可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。 构成：to + do(动词原形) （1）基本形式： to+动词原形 （在某些情况下可以不带 to） （2）特点 ： A .没有人称和数的变化,不能单独做谓语 B . 可以作主语、宾语、表语、状语、宾语补足语 动词不定式 C.有动词特点，有自己的宾语和状语 用法：1、用作宾语 (v. + to do ) e.g: I want to buy a computer. She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with you. I found it difficult to fall asleep.我发现很难入睡。 need to do learn to do agree to do stop to do plan to do decide to do go on to do try to do begin to do start to do refuse to do like to do forget to do remember to do 动词不定式做主语时常用it作形式主语，把真正主语放后面。若要说明动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加for引导的短语；但若表语是kind.nice.right.wrong.clever.polite.rude.careful等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，则应在其前加一个of引导的名词或代词短语加以说明，或称赞或责备批评。 It’s very nice of you to help me.你能帮助我真是太好了。 It’s necessary for the students to do eye-exercises twice a day.对学生来说一天做两次眼保健操是重要的。 A、作主语，如 To learn a foreign language is not easy . It is good others. 帮助他人是件好事。  It is exciting the Internet. 上网是件令人兴奋的事。 to help to surf = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language. 动词不定式用法 B 作宾语 动词 + to do 常见动词有 start,like,forget,learn,agree, decide , fail, hope, wish , want, plan 等 1 He decided (buy) the camera. to buy 2 I want (listen to) some music after class. to listen to 3 I hope (travel) all over the world one day. to travel 动词不定式 C、作表语，如 The important thing is to finish the work on time . What you have to do now is (打扫教室) to clean the classroom 动词不定式 6.用作定语 Give me something to drink. I have two books to read. They have much food to eat. （这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。 若是不及物动词，介词不能省略） He asked for a room to live in. I don’t have a pen to write with. The ice is hard enough to skate on. He bought a toy to play with. 3. 用作状语(adverbial)： He came to show me his new CD player. I went there to see my teacher. She came