必修1unit5 同位语从句Grammar.ppt

* * 人教课标 高一 必修 3 Unit 5 名词性从句 —— 同位语从句 在主从复合句中，用作同位语的从句，叫同位语从句。同位语从句是用来解释说明前面名词的内容的从句。 【要点精讲】 1. 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面， 如: idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order 等，用以说明或解释该名词的 具体内容。这些名词一般都具备两个 特征：一、均为抽象名词；二、可以 涵盖一定的信息内容。如： The news that our teacher’s heath is failing made us sad. I have no idea where they are spending their holidays. I have no idea when he will return to China. 2. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说 明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开， 以使整个句子的结构显得平衡。如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. Word came that the pop star would hold a live concert in our city. 3. 同位语从句通常由that引导，但that 不在从句中充当成分，也不能省略； 同位语从句也可以由whether, when, where, how等引导。如： They raised the question where we should go. The problem whether we can eat more safely has attracted the government’s attention. I have no idea why she didn’t accept the nice offer. 4. 当先行词为demand时，其后所跟同 位语从句的谓语动词要用“should + 动词原形”，其中，should也可省 略。除了demand 外, 这类名词还有 advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等。如： The manager made a demand that the workers (should) finish the task ahead of time. 【注意】 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： ① 从词类上区别：同位语从句前面的名 词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion等词；而定语从句的先行 词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分 或整个主句。 ② 从性质上区别：同位语从句是名词性 从句，其作用相当于一个名词，是对 前面的名词作进一步解释、说明；定 语从句的作用相当于一个形容词，用 来修饰前面的名词或代词。 ③ 从引导词及其在句中的成分上的区 别：有些引导词如how, whether等可 以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语 从句。 定语从句的引导词均在从句中充当特定的句子成分。如： I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother. (that引导同位语从句，对fact进行说明，that不充当句子成分。) I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me. (that引导定语从句对fact进行限定，that在从句中充当宾语。) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. I have no idea ________ the journalist could have got his information from. (上海2011春) A. that B. why C. when D. where 2. There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. (上海 2011) A. what B. if