快乐学习高考英语语法内部资料.doc

目录 1. 定语从句 2. 名词性从句 3. 状语从句（连词） 4. 动词时态与语态 5. 非谓语 6. 情态动词 7. 虚拟语气 8. 倒装句 9. 强调句及it的用法 1. 定语从句 考点：关系代词与关系副词的区别；介词+关系代词 知识点梳理 （一）、基本概念 1. 先行词 2. 引导词 3. 限制性和非限制性定语从句 （二）、定语从句的引导词及其用法 1. 关系代词 1）that, which, who, whom, whose, as 2）只能用that和只能用which的情况 3）which和as在非限制性定语从句中的区别 2. 关系副词 when, where, why 3. 介词+关系代词 1）介词后关系代词不可省略 2）当状语时相当于关系副词 4. 如何选择引导词 关系代词和关系副词的区分 5. 特殊情况 1）the way的特殊用法 2）从句缺少先行词(the one) 3）先行词被one of和the one of修饰时从句谓语的单复数情况 4)定语从句主谓一致问题 （三）、定语从句和同位语从句的区别；定语从句和强调句 ★只能用which的情况 （1）介词+which （2）非限制性定语从句 ★只能用that的情况 （1）先行词为不定代词（all，something，anything, little, much，none等） （2）两个the：先行词为序数词和最高级 （3）人和物同时做先行词时 （4）先行词被the only，the very, the same, the last等修饰时 ★as 引导的定语从句 1，As主要用于such….as, as…as；the same as…；such as…等结构中。 2, as 引导非限制性的定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，常用于be known( expected, announced, reported, shown)等结构中 ★关系代词which和as 在非限制性定语从句中的区别： 1）as作关系代词，代指整个主句；而which在非限制性定语从句中既可以修饰整个主句，又可以修饰主句的一部分。 2) which不能放在句首，而as则可以。 3) as有“正如、就像”之意，而which则没有。 “介词+关系代词（which, whom, whose）” 关系代词前的介词使用时根据与名词前面的动词搭配关系和介词的搭配关系及句子结构上的需要而定。 【拓展延伸】“介词 + 关系代词”的常见结构： 1） 介词 + which/whom This is the famous singer about whom we have often talked. They arrived at a small house, in front of which sat a small boy. 2）名词 + of + which/whom Please pass me the book the cover of which is blue. 3）数词 + of + which/whom In our school there are about 200 teachers, thirty percent of whom are women. 4） 代词 + of + which/whom In the basket I find many apples, some of which=of which some have gone bad. 5）最高级 + of + which/whom China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan. 6） 介词 + which + 名词 He usually returns home at 10:00, at which hour his father locks all the doors and windows. 规律总结： 定语从句一般考连接词，一般分三步完成。1、判断定语从句的先行词和理解从句意思。2、看从句是否完整，完整一定用关系副词。3、不完整的…… ★几个特殊句子 1. way的特殊用法 The way that/in which/不填 he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2. *Is this school the one (that) we visited that year? Is the school the one( that ) we visited that y