Chap2政治法律和技术环境概要1.ppt

Principles of International LawDoctrine of Comity Doctrine of comity礼让主义 A jurisdictional principle of international law which holds that there must be mutual respect for the laws, institutions, and government of other countries in the matter of jurisdiction over their own citizens.国际法的一项管辖原则，认为应当在法律、制度和其他国家政府对其公民的司法裁判权这些问题上取得相互尊重。 Principles of International LawAct of State Doctrine Act of state doctrine国家法令主义 A jurisdictional principle of international law which holds that all acts of other governments are considered to be valid by U.S. courts, even if such acts are illegal or inappropriate under U.S. law.所有他国政府的法令都会被美国的法院认为是有效的，即使有时这些法令在美国被认为是不合适的 Principles of International LawTreatment and Rights of Aliens Treatment and rights of aliens侨民的待遇和权力 Countries have the legal right to refuse admission of foreign citizens and to impose special restrictions on their conduct, right of travel, where they can stay, and what business they may conduct.一国有合法的权力拒绝外国公民入侵和对其行为、旅行的权力、逗留的地方和他们所开展的业务施加特殊的管制 Nations can also deport aliens一国也有权驱逐侨民 Principles of International LawForum for Hearing and Settling Disputes Forum for hearing and settling disputes法院纠纷原则 U.S. courts can dismiss cases brought before them by foreigners; however, they are bound to examine issues such as美国法院能够驳回外国人的诉讼；但是，他们必须调查一些问题如： where the plaintiffs are located原告所在地 where the evidence must be gathered证据收集的地点 where property to be used in restitution is locateres://XDict.exe/word.html###d被归还的财产所在地 Legal and Regulatory Issues Financial and services regulation金融服务规章 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act反海外腐败法 Illegal to influence foreign officials through非法影响外国官员，通过以下： personal payment行贿 political contribution政治献金 Restrictive bureaucratization限制官僚化现象 Privatization私有化 Regulation of Trade and Investment贸易和投资规定 Individual countries use legal and regulatory policies to affect the international management environment每个国家都会使用自己的法律和法规政策来影响国际管理的环境 Country is perceived to engage in unfair trade practices (WTO and similar