Chapter 2 America Past and Present 美国历史概要1.ppt

Penns Holy Experiment Aristocrat William Penn converts to the Society of Friends Obtains a charter for Pennsylvania Holy Experiment--a society run on Quaker principles Promotes religious toleration Protects rights of property-less Settling Pennsylvania Immigrants recruited from England, Wales, Ireland, and Germany Quaker population racked by contention Non-Quaker population does not share Penn’s ideals 1701--Penn grants self-rule to Pennsylvania colonists, independence to Delaware Planting the Carolinas Reliance on slave labor produced superficial similarity to Chesapeake Diversity of settlers, environment produced great divergence from Chesapeake Proprietors of the Carolinas Granted by Charles II in 1663 to eight “Proprietors” to reward loyalty Tried to recruit settlers from established American colonies they were not easily persuaded Few inhabitants in first years The Barbadian Connection Anthony Ashley Cooper encourages settlement by planters from Barbados Barbadians settle around Charleston “Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina” drawn up by John Locke Barbadians reject Fundamental Constitutions for greater self-government French Huguenot settlers oppose 1729--Strife prompts Crown to take over, divide Carolina Founding of Georgia Georgia founded in 1732 Strategic purpose: buffer between Carolinas and Spanish Florida Charitable purpose: refuge for imprisoned debtors from England By 1751 a small slave colony The Carolinas and Georgia Living with Diversity All colonies faced early struggle to survive Distinct regional differences intensified and persisted throughout the colonial period Colonists eventually saw themselves as a distinct people Powhatans a loose confederation of some 30 tribes who smoked tabacco. Only Indians grew tabocco. Sir Thomas Dale implemented MARTIAL LAW - John rolfe (Pocahantas) p 39 saw an opportunity and soon after Virginians had a means to make $. To increase profits, by relaxing Sir Thomas Dale’s martial law, and by promising e