江苏专转本英语语语法考前串讲.ppt

whether与if均为“是否”，但下列情况下只用whether ： 1. whether引导主语从句并在句首 Whether he will come is not clear. 2. whether引导表语从句 The question is whether he’ll come. 3. whether从句作介词宾语 I’m not sure about whether we’ll win. 4. 从句后紧跟“or not”或 “to…” Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it.  只能用whether 虚拟语气 Be型：即谓语动词用do或should do 想要(desire)、宁愿(prefer)、命令(order, command)、建议(advise, suggest, propose, recommend, urge)、要求(demand, require, request, ask, insist, maintain)中，从句的谓语动词用(should) do。 e.g. He suggested that we (should) take the teacher’s advice. Be型：即谓语动词用do或should do 2) 表情绪、观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气。如：necessary, important, urgent, impossible, essential, desirable, proper, recommendable, advisable, natural, strange, surprising, a pity 等。 句型：It is … that + (should) do 3) 凡是由lest (以免, 免得), in case (以防), for fear that (生怕, 唯恐)引导的状语从句中，用(should) do。 e.g. Keep quiet in case you (should) interrupt him when he is busy. Were型：即谓语动词用过去式 It is (high, about) time (that) + did 该……的时候了 2) wish/ as if/ as though/ if only/ would rather/ would sooner + 从句时，有三种情况，各自把时态推到过去。现在用did (be用were)，过去用had done，将来用过去将来时would do (be用were) 表虚拟的时间 if从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 现在 过去时/were would/should/could/ might+动词原形 过去 had+过去分词 would/should/could/ might+ have+过去分词 将来 过去时; were to +动词原形; should+动词原形 would/should/could/ might+动词原形 记住固定结构，除非能在时间状语中找到混合时间的证据，否则都按照固定结构搭配。 e.g. If you had worked hard, you would have passed the examination. e.g. If you had worked hard, you would pass the examination tomorrow. 注意： 当从句中含有had, should, were, 可以省掉if，改为倒装形式。 结构︰If only＋过去式／过去完成式 说明︰此句型意为“要是…就好了”。 1) 用过去式，表示与现在事实相反； 2) 用过去完成式，表示与过去事实相反。 If only I had a rich father. 要是我有个有钱的爸爸就好了。 If only + V-ed 区别：only if(只要)是if的强调形式 结构：If…should…，…would／should ＋ do 表示与未来事实相反的假设，可译成“万一”。 If he should come, I would tell him the truth. 万一他来，我会把真相告诉他。 If it should rain, our plan would be spoiled. 万一下雨，我们的计划就泡汤了。 If I should ..., I would... 结构：If…were to…，…would/should + do 这也表示与未来状况相反的假设，与“if ... should, ...”大致相同，但“if ... were to”