英语句子成分及练习课件高一用.ppt

一、句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分有主语和谓语； 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语。 主语 主语 (Subject) 句子的主体，全局述说的对象。 一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词，从句担任，常置于句首。 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 谓语 谓语 (Predicate) ： 对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态。 常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。 谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语。 I like walking. I made your birthday cake last night. What happened? He worked hard all day today The plane took off at ten o’clock. I?am?reading.??? You?can?do?it?if?you?try?hard. 　You may keep the book for two weeks. 　He has caught a bad cold. 　My sister is crying over there. 　I have been waiting for you all the time. 　I would stay at home all day. They?wake?up?the?other?family?members,?calling, “Merry?Christmas! You’d?better?go?over?the?lesson. They?should?have?been?there?once. I?play?with?him. I?often?write?to?him. 补充：协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫 助动词。最常见的助动词有：be, do, have, will.助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用。 Africa is a big continent.非洲是个大洲。 That remains a puzzle to me.这对我还是个难题。 What‘s your fax number?你的传真号是多少？ I feel much better today.我今天感觉好多了。 She was the first to learn about it.她是第一个知道的人。 Our next step was to get raw materials ready.我们下一步是把原料准备好。 The patient is out of danger.病人脱险了。 I don‘t feel at ease.我感到不自在。 The sun is up.太阳升起来了。 This is what he said.这就是他所说的话。 （五）宾语 宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承爱者，常用名词，代词，不定式，动名词，从句担任。一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： 1.He is doing his homework. 2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 5.He pretended not to see me. 6.I enjoy listening to popular music. 7.I think（that）he is fit for his office. 宾语种类： （1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary