虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood(2016.3.13).ppt

实战练习 8 The suggestion that the mayor the prizes was accepted by everyone. A. would present B. present C. ought to present D. presents B wish引导宾语从句的虚拟语气 动词wish后面的宾语从句，表示不可能实现的愿望，其动词形式有三种： （1）与现在事实相反 ： 从句动词用过去时 （2）与过去事实相反 ： 从句动词形式“had+过去分词” （3）与将来事实相反 或不可能实现的愿望 ： 从句动词用“would或could + 动词原形”形式 1.我要是记得她的地址就好了。 I wish I remembered her address. 2.我们真希望你来参加我们的新年联欢会。 （但你没来） We wish you had come to our New Year’s party/gala. 3.我会圣诞节前回来。 “I’ll be back before Christmas.” 4. 我希望你能够在感恩节前回来。 “I wish you’d come back before Thanksgiving.” Exmaples C 与..相反 if从句的谓语 主句的谓语 过去事实 had done would/should/could/ might have done 现在事实 did/were would/should/could/ might do 将来事实 1.should do 2.were to do 3.did 错综复杂的时间条件句 (*^__^*) 有时虚拟条件从句表示的动作和主句发生的动作在时间上不一致。例如，一个与过去事实相反，另一个与现在事实相反。这时，谓语动词的形式要根据各自表示的时间来调整。 e.g. If he were alive now, he might have finished his scientific researches on the bridge building three years ago. 如果他现在还活着，他可能三年前就完成了他的桥梁建筑科研工作了。 More examples 要是昨天不下雪的话，我们现在就应该在去上海的路上了。 If it had not snowed yesterday, we would be on the way to Shanghai. 要是昨天晚上医生来晚了的话，他今天就没命了。 If the doctor had not come sooner last night, he would be dead today. 实战练习 3 If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you now. A. wouldn’t be smiling B. won’t smile C. couldn’t have smiled D. didn’t smile 解题思路 这是一道错综时间虚拟条件句。 在本句中，从句是对过去发生的事情进行假设，主句是对现在情况的假设。 译文：当你掉下来时，如果不是我在梯子下面把你接住，恐怕你现在就不会笑了。选A 实战练习 2 If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you ___ well now. A. are B. had been C. would be D. were 正确答案: C ◎If it werent/hadnt been for your help , we would be/would have been in serious trouble. ◎If it were not for their loan, our life would be very difficult. ◎If it hadnt been for Margaret, I might not have understood. 以上都是“if”引导虚拟条件句最基本的形式。 但是，我们经常可以看到“if”被省略掉而把were, had, should, could放在主语前面的条件句。 这种句型与“if”引导的条件句在表达意思上无任何区别。只是这种句型主要用于书面语。 D 虚拟语气的倒装—省略“if”的条件句 A case in P