虚拟语气详解及完成句子练习.ppt

虚拟语气用法详解 （附完成句子练习） 1.在英语中语气分为三类：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。 2.虚拟语气：所说的不是事实 ,是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想 3.条件句分两种，真实条件句和虚拟条件句。只有在虚拟（非真实）条件句中，才用虚拟语气，而在真实条件句中，要用陈述语气。 If?it?is?sunny?tomorrow?,?we’ll?go shopping. 明天天气好是完全有可能实现的，因此是真实条件句。 If?I?were?you?,?I?would?catch the bus.? 事实上，我不可能成为你，这只是假设的情况，没有实现的可能。 2）在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。例如：?? if?I?were?you,I?wouldn’t?have?missed?the?film?last?night．如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上的那部电影。（从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反。）?? if?he?had?followed?the?doctor’s?advice，he?would?recover?already．如果他遵照医生的劝告，现在病就好了。（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）? 3）有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without，?but?for等）引出的短语、分词（如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。 But?for?your?advice,I?would?not?be?able?to?do?this?work．要不是你的劝告，我是不会做这份工作的。?? Victor?obviously?doesn’t?know?what’s?happened，otherwise?he?wouldn’t?have?made?such?a?stupid? remark． 其他句型的虚拟语气： 1）在\“would rather＋宾语从句\”句型中，要求后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气。 I would rather you came next Friday．我希望你下周五来。 2)在某些\“it is ＋形容词＋that．．．\”句型中 ,从句中谓语动词 用should ＋动词原形\“来表示虚拟语气 it is highly desirable that a new president be appointed for this college． 3)在it is（about ／high）time引导的定语从句中谓语动词用过去时或\“should ＋动词原形 1）it is time i should leave．我该走了。 2）it is about time that you got（should get） dressed．你该穿衣服了。 4)if only引导的是省略了表示结果的主句的虚拟结构，表达愿望，常译成\“要是......就好了！ 1）if only i had taken mother\s advice．我要是听取妈妈的建议就好了。 2）if only i could speak several foreign languages．我要是能讲几种外语就好了。 完成句子练习： _____________fired ,（如果你被解雇了）your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. Had it not been for the heavy fog, you ________________（就看到了美丽的塔）in the distance easily last Tuesday.? ?It is demanded that the books ________________（须归还）the school library within two weeks.? (return) __________________（如果下雨）tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.?? (rain)? should you be would have seen the beautiful tower should be returned to were it to rain ___________________________(如果他不努力）so