语法第10节课.ppt

十六种时态结题 By 豌豆 豌豆群：6528224 一、现在完成进行时 1现在完成进行时，是英语中，动词的一种基本时态，其构成为：主语+助动词（have/has）+been+动词的现在分词+其他成分。其表达的意思有两种：1.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。2.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。 2 构成：主语+have（has）been+动词-ing ⑴表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。 I have been learning English since three years ago. ⑵表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. ⑶有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。 They have been living in this city for ten years. 　　 They have lived in this city for ten years. I have been working here for five years. 　　 I have worked here for five years. ⑷大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 I have been writing a book. They have been building a bridge They have built a bridge. 3功用如下： 　　 1） 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如： 　　 Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. 　　 Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 　　 2) 表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如： 　　 It has been raining for two hours. 　 Jack has been feeling very well recently. 　　 3) 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如： 　　 She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 　　 4) 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如： 　　Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. 　　 The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意： 　现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 　　 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 二、过去完成时 1定义：过去完成进行时与过去完成时的用法很相近，它通常表示某个过去正在进行的动作或状态，持续到过去某个时刻，还未完成，一直持续到之后的当前才结束 2构成：过去完成进行时是由had been + 现在分词构成。 She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam. Rafael was scolded even though he hadnt been doing anything wrong. 3用法 ① 表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。 I had been looking for it for days before I found it. They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came. ② 示反复的动作。 He had been mentioning your name to me. You had been giving me everything. ③ 去完成进行时还常用于间接引语中 The doctor asked what he had been eating. ④过去完成进行时之后也可接具有“突然”之意的when分句。 　　 I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in. Shed only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little si