高中英语_句子成分与句子基本类型课件_新人教版必修1.pptVIP

取得英语语法成功的基石 句子成分和句子的基本类型 句子成分 主 谓 宾 主语 谓语 宾语 定语 状语 补语 同位语 主语 谓语 宾语 观察下面一个例句，你能找到句中的“主语” 、“谓语” 、“宾语”吗? 因此这是个典型的“主谓宾”句型。 思考一下： 什么是主语 (Subject) 呢? 主语是动作的主体部分 在主动句中：主语是动作的发出者 I teach you English.　 在被动句中：主语是动作的承受者 You are beaten . 主语一般由名词、代词或数词充当。 We are good friends. 主语还可以由从句或非谓语动词充当。 What I want to do is join the party. Smoking is harmful to your health. To learn English is difficult. 我们再想一想什么是谓语 (Predicate) 谓语 表示一个动作、行为，是由动词充当的。 I teach you English. 一个句子能不能没有谓语？ 一般现在时 1. 表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作。 I usually have my hair cut once a month. The students often do their experiments in the lab. 2. 表客观真理、格言及不受时间限制的客观存在。 The teacher told us that the earth travels aroud the sun. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 3. 表示按时间表、计划、规定发生的事情。 The train leaves at 2:35 this afternoon. 4. 在主句是一般将来时的时间、条件、让步状语从句中代替将来时。 You will succeed if you try your best. Even if it rains tomorrow, the football match will take place. 现在进行时 1. 表示说话人正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 My friends are waiting for us outside now. 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。 She is learning English at college. 3 . 某些短暂性动词，如come. go start open close arrive return begin leave等用于进行时态表达将来时的含义。 My father is coming to see me this Saturday. She is leaving for Beijing next week. 4. 某些动词的进行时表示慢慢地、渐渐地发生变化。 She is losing sight. 现在完成时 1. 表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，常与recently lately ever never once before yet 连用。 Have you been to London? He hasnt heard any news from his son lately. 2. 表示开始于过去某一时刻，一直持续到现在而且会继续进行下去的动作。常与so far , up to now, in the past/last few years, these days 连用 He has learned 5,000 English words since he went to college. 现在完成进行时 表示动作从过去到现在一直持续、反复进行的动作。 今天早上我一直给他打电话，但是无人接听。 I have been calling him this morning, but there is no answer. 我非常累，整个下午我都在刷墙。 I am very tired. I have been painting the house all the afternoon. 我一直在写信。 I have been writing a letter. 翻译以下句子： 1. 他不在这家工厂工作。 He doesn’t work in this factory. 2. Tom 正在客厅里看电视吗？ Is Tom w